罗马皇帝克劳迪亚斯死因大揭秘
路透社纽约健康消息 公元54年10月13日，以暴饮暴食著名的罗马帝皇克劳迪亚斯在吃了大量的蘑菇后12小时突然死，享年64岁。他的死因是什么？美国马里兰州大学医学院的威廉·韦兰特医生认为，是有人把有毒的蘑菇混在他所吃的伞形毒菌里面，让他中毒身亡的。这些有毒的蘑菇煮熟了以后跟无毒的伞形毒菌是很难区分开来的，而这个下毒的人很可能就是他妻子。
威廉·韦兰特在美国第七次临床病理年会上公布了他的研究结果。该报告指出，克劳迪亚斯吃了那盘蘑菇后出现了剧烈腹痛、恶心呕吐、腹泻和大小便失禁的症状，同时还伴有口角流涎、流鼻血和眼睛发红。所有这些症状都强有力地证明，他是死于蝇蕈硷中毒。覃毒硷存在于许多有毒的蘑菇里面，可导致肠道及平滑肌痉挛，从而使人的体液流失，血压降低。
韦兰特医生还回顾了克劳迪亚斯一生的健康情况，发现他身上有许多慢性疾患，包括头部摇晃、走路跛脚和其它运动失调，而且他说话困难，有时还流口水。根据这些症状，并结合他是一个早产儿，孕龄只有7个月，韦兰特医生猜测他患有脑瘫。
, 百拇医药
然而，克劳迪亚斯的慢性身体疾病并不是导致他死亡最终祸首。历史记载提示，很可能是他的第四任妻子爱古蕊萍娜为了铺平她儿子雷若登上罗马帝皇宝座的道路，用毒蘑菇对他下了毒手。表面上，这位罗马帝皇是死于蘑菇中毒，但实际上他是死于娶妻太多的缘故。
Roman Emperor Claudius Murdered with Mushrooms
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - On October 13, AD 54, the Roman emperor Claudius--known for drinking and eating to excess---consumed a large portion of mushrooms that investigators believe included the local favorite, Amanita Caeserea. Twelve hours later the 64-year-old was dead.
, http://www.100md.com
The reason? Researchers believe that an unknown individual--probably his wife--mixed deadly mushrooms into his meal.
``Someone interspersed poisonous mushrooms, which when cooked are indistinguishable from non-poisonous mushrooms, into his Amanita Caeserea,‘‘ Dr. William A. Valente told Reuters Health.
Valente, of the University of Maryland School of Medicine, reports that Claudius experienced extreme abdominal pain, severe nausea and vomiting, diarrhea and incontinence after consuming his mushroom dish. These symptoms combined with Claudius‘ excessive salivation and nasal discharge and his deeply reddened eyes all point to Valente‘s conclusion that Claudius died of muscarinic poisoning.
, 百拇医药
Muscarine, a substance found in many types of poisonous mushrooms, causes the intestines and inner muscles to ``squeeze,‘‘ which in turn causes a loss of fluid and a lowering of blood pressure, Valente explained.
Valente presented his conclusion Friday at the seventh annual clinicopathologic conference sponsored by the University of Maryland School of Medicine and the Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System in Baltimore.
, 百拇医药 Valente‘s review of Claudius‘ medical history also revealed that the emperor had chronic physical disabilities including a shaking head, walking with a limp and other movement disorders, difficulty speaking, and drooling. Valente surmises that these disabilities, and Claudius‘ premature birth (after 7 months gestation), indicate that he may also have had cerebral palsy.
Claudius‘ chronic physical disabilities did not lead to his death, however. Historical records suggest that Agrippina, Claudius‘ fourth wife, fed him the poisonous mushrooms to clear the way for her son, Nero, to become emperor of Rome.
``While Claudius‘ terminal events were due to muscarinic mushroom poisoning,‘‘ Valente told Reuters Health, it appears that ‘‘he ultimately died from one too many wives。, 百拇医药
威廉·韦兰特在美国第七次临床病理年会上公布了他的研究结果。该报告指出，克劳迪亚斯吃了那盘蘑菇后出现了剧烈腹痛、恶心呕吐、腹泻和大小便失禁的症状，同时还伴有口角流涎、流鼻血和眼睛发红。所有这些症状都强有力地证明，他是死于蝇蕈硷中毒。覃毒硷存在于许多有毒的蘑菇里面，可导致肠道及平滑肌痉挛，从而使人的体液流失，血压降低。
韦兰特医生还回顾了克劳迪亚斯一生的健康情况，发现他身上有许多慢性疾患，包括头部摇晃、走路跛脚和其它运动失调，而且他说话困难，有时还流口水。根据这些症状，并结合他是一个早产儿，孕龄只有7个月，韦兰特医生猜测他患有脑瘫。
, 百拇医药
然而，克劳迪亚斯的慢性身体疾病并不是导致他死亡最终祸首。历史记载提示，很可能是他的第四任妻子爱古蕊萍娜为了铺平她儿子雷若登上罗马帝皇宝座的道路，用毒蘑菇对他下了毒手。表面上，这位罗马帝皇是死于蘑菇中毒，但实际上他是死于娶妻太多的缘故。
Roman Emperor Claudius Murdered with Mushrooms
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - On October 13, AD 54, the Roman emperor Claudius--known for drinking and eating to excess---consumed a large portion of mushrooms that investigators believe included the local favorite, Amanita Caeserea. Twelve hours later the 64-year-old was dead.
, http://www.100md.com
The reason? Researchers believe that an unknown individual--probably his wife--mixed deadly mushrooms into his meal.
``Someone interspersed poisonous mushrooms, which when cooked are indistinguishable from non-poisonous mushrooms, into his Amanita Caeserea,‘‘ Dr. William A. Valente told Reuters Health.
Valente, of the University of Maryland School of Medicine, reports that Claudius experienced extreme abdominal pain, severe nausea and vomiting, diarrhea and incontinence after consuming his mushroom dish. These symptoms combined with Claudius‘ excessive salivation and nasal discharge and his deeply reddened eyes all point to Valente‘s conclusion that Claudius died of muscarinic poisoning.
, 百拇医药
Muscarine, a substance found in many types of poisonous mushrooms, causes the intestines and inner muscles to ``squeeze,‘‘ which in turn causes a loss of fluid and a lowering of blood pressure, Valente explained.
Valente presented his conclusion Friday at the seventh annual clinicopathologic conference sponsored by the University of Maryland School of Medicine and the Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System in Baltimore.
, 百拇医药 Valente‘s review of Claudius‘ medical history also revealed that the emperor had chronic physical disabilities including a shaking head, walking with a limp and other movement disorders, difficulty speaking, and drooling. Valente surmises that these disabilities, and Claudius‘ premature birth (after 7 months gestation), indicate that he may also have had cerebral palsy.
Claudius‘ chronic physical disabilities did not lead to his death, however. Historical records suggest that Agrippina, Claudius‘ fourth wife, fed him the poisonous mushrooms to clear the way for her son, Nero, to become emperor of Rome.
``While Claudius‘ terminal events were due to muscarinic mushroom poisoning,‘‘ Valente told Reuters Health, it appears that ‘‘he ultimately died from one too many wives。, 百拇医药