孕妇太累有危险
路透社纽约健康消息 二月份《美国妇产科杂志》一项新的研究表明：工作过于辛苦会增加孕妇羊膜早破的危险性。羊膜早破是指在怀孕过程中保护胎儿的羊膜囊破裂，往往是早产的先兆。目前还不十分清楚这两者是否有确切的联系，是否所有孕妇否都会有这种情况。
该研究着重于工作环境对孕妇身体健康造成的影响，以调查问卷的形式来测定女性在工作中的劳累程度，主要针对的是劳动强度大的工作。通过对近3,000名孕妇的调查发现，第一次怀孕的妇女出现羊膜早破的危险性与其工作强度是成正比的。从事家务劳动的孕妇有2%会出现羊膜早破，而从事强体力劳动的孕妇出现羊膜早破的却超过7%。劳动密集型的工作是最耗体力的，主要是体力劳动、长时间站立的工作和会引发心理压力的工作等。
美国南卡罗来纳州立医学院的副教授纽曼指出，该研究发现工作过度劳累只会引起羊膜破裂，一般不会引起早产，而且似乎只对怀头胎的孕妇产生影响。虽然具体原因还不清楚，但孕妇在怀孕的全过程要尽可能避免长期从事重复搬运性质的工作及使用工业机械进行作业。另外，女性在怀孕过程中也应该避免精神压力，因为有证据显示工作压力也可增加早产的危险性。最近一项研究表明工作压力大的孕妇患妊娠高血压症的危险性更大，这种病症对妇女及其胎儿来说都是危险的。
, 百拇医药
该研究作者认为，需要更多户内、户外工作与怀孕并发症关系的确切数据。有些女性工作后回到家中又要承担全部的家务活，也是从业女性在怀孕期间易发生危险的一个重要因素。
来源：《美国妇产科杂志》2001;184:438-446
Job Fatigue Linked to Premature Birth Risk
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - New research suggests that on-the-job fatigue may increase a pregnant woman‘s chances of experiencing a premature rupture of membranes, a condition that often precedes preterm delivery.
, 百拇医药
Exactly why there is a connection, and whether it extends to all working women, is unclear. However, study author Dr. Roger B. Newman told Reuters Health that the findings highlight work conditions--such as repeated heavy lifting and working with industrial machinery--that pregnant women should avoid whenever possible.
In a study of nearly 3,000 pregnant women, Newman and his colleagues found that for those having their first baby, the risk of premature rupture of membranes grew in tandem with the amount of fatigue women experienced at work. While women who were not working outside the home had a 2% risk of premature rupture, the risk was more than 7% among those with the most fatiguing jobs. These most-draining jobs were labor-intensive, involving physical exertion and long periods of standing, and often caused mental stress as well.
, 百拇医药
The findings were published in the February issue of the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (news - web sites).
Premature rupture of membranes refers to a break of the amniotic sac that protects the fetus during pregnancy. Often, preterm labor shortly follows. But in the current study, job fatigue was linked only to premature rupture of membranes, and not preterm labor in general. And it only affected women having their first babies. The reasons for this are unclear, according to Newman, an associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the Medical University of South Carolina in Charleston.
, 百拇医药
It is also unknown whether job fatigue early in pregnancy would show the same link to premature rupture of membranes, Newman noted. The women were questioned on their work conditions late in their second trimesters.
In fact, Newman said, no one knows the point in pregnancy at which women should start shunning heavy exertion and, when possible, stress. He recommends that women avoid regularly lifting heavy loads and working on machinery that produces ‘‘vibrations‘‘ throughout pregnancy.
, 百拇医药
One problem with the study, according to Newman, is that the questionnaire used to gauge the women‘s on-the-job fatigue focused mainly on labor-intensive work.
``It may not translate to an urban population in the US,‘‘ he said.
However, there is evidence that job stress may increase the risk of preterm delivery. And one recent study showed that pregnant women with the most stress at work were at greater risk for pregnancy-induced high blood pressure, a potentially dangerous condition for the woman and fetus.
, 百拇医药
What is needed, Newman said, is better data on how work inside and outside of the home relates to pregnancy complications. For instance, he noted, some women may come home from work only to take on all the household responsibilities. According to Newman, this so-called ``second-shift effect‘‘ could be a key factor in which working women may be at risk for pregnancy problems.
SOURCE: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2001;184:438-446., 百拇医药
该研究着重于工作环境对孕妇身体健康造成的影响，以调查问卷的形式来测定女性在工作中的劳累程度，主要针对的是劳动强度大的工作。通过对近3,000名孕妇的调查发现，第一次怀孕的妇女出现羊膜早破的危险性与其工作强度是成正比的。从事家务劳动的孕妇有2%会出现羊膜早破，而从事强体力劳动的孕妇出现羊膜早破的却超过7%。劳动密集型的工作是最耗体力的，主要是体力劳动、长时间站立的工作和会引发心理压力的工作等。
美国南卡罗来纳州立医学院的副教授纽曼指出，该研究发现工作过度劳累只会引起羊膜破裂，一般不会引起早产，而且似乎只对怀头胎的孕妇产生影响。虽然具体原因还不清楚，但孕妇在怀孕的全过程要尽可能避免长期从事重复搬运性质的工作及使用工业机械进行作业。另外，女性在怀孕过程中也应该避免精神压力，因为有证据显示工作压力也可增加早产的危险性。最近一项研究表明工作压力大的孕妇患妊娠高血压症的危险性更大，这种病症对妇女及其胎儿来说都是危险的。
, 百拇医药
该研究作者认为，需要更多户内、户外工作与怀孕并发症关系的确切数据。有些女性工作后回到家中又要承担全部的家务活，也是从业女性在怀孕期间易发生危险的一个重要因素。
来源：《美国妇产科杂志》2001;184:438-446
Job Fatigue Linked to Premature Birth Risk
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - New research suggests that on-the-job fatigue may increase a pregnant woman‘s chances of experiencing a premature rupture of membranes, a condition that often precedes preterm delivery.
, 百拇医药
Exactly why there is a connection, and whether it extends to all working women, is unclear. However, study author Dr. Roger B. Newman told Reuters Health that the findings highlight work conditions--such as repeated heavy lifting and working with industrial machinery--that pregnant women should avoid whenever possible.
In a study of nearly 3,000 pregnant women, Newman and his colleagues found that for those having their first baby, the risk of premature rupture of membranes grew in tandem with the amount of fatigue women experienced at work. While women who were not working outside the home had a 2% risk of premature rupture, the risk was more than 7% among those with the most fatiguing jobs. These most-draining jobs were labor-intensive, involving physical exertion and long periods of standing, and often caused mental stress as well.
, 百拇医药
The findings were published in the February issue of the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (news - web sites).
Premature rupture of membranes refers to a break of the amniotic sac that protects the fetus during pregnancy. Often, preterm labor shortly follows. But in the current study, job fatigue was linked only to premature rupture of membranes, and not preterm labor in general. And it only affected women having their first babies. The reasons for this are unclear, according to Newman, an associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the Medical University of South Carolina in Charleston.
, 百拇医药
It is also unknown whether job fatigue early in pregnancy would show the same link to premature rupture of membranes, Newman noted. The women were questioned on their work conditions late in their second trimesters.
In fact, Newman said, no one knows the point in pregnancy at which women should start shunning heavy exertion and, when possible, stress. He recommends that women avoid regularly lifting heavy loads and working on machinery that produces ‘‘vibrations‘‘ throughout pregnancy.
, 百拇医药
One problem with the study, according to Newman, is that the questionnaire used to gauge the women‘s on-the-job fatigue focused mainly on labor-intensive work.
``It may not translate to an urban population in the US,‘‘ he said.
However, there is evidence that job stress may increase the risk of preterm delivery. And one recent study showed that pregnant women with the most stress at work were at greater risk for pregnancy-induced high blood pressure, a potentially dangerous condition for the woman and fetus.
, 百拇医药
What is needed, Newman said, is better data on how work inside and outside of the home relates to pregnancy complications. For instance, he noted, some women may come home from work only to take on all the household responsibilities. According to Newman, this so-called ``second-shift effect‘‘ could be a key factor in which working women may be at risk for pregnancy problems.
SOURCE: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2001;184:438-446., 百拇医药