巧用荧光验中药(一)
中药的某些成分在常光或紫外灯下能产生荧光,因此,可以利用这种特殊性质对其进行鉴定。另外,有些中药材本身不产生荧光,可以使用一定的溶剂浸出或经过某种化学处理(加酸或碱)后,使其某些成分在紫外灯下产生荧光。通常用于观察荧光现象的仪器为荧光分析仪,一般有短波(254~265纳米)和长波(365纳米)两类。使用时直接将药材整体、切片、粉末或浸出液置于荧光灯下进行观察。现将常见中药的荧光现象分述如下:9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆狗脊9xn, http://www.100md.com
横切片显亮黄色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆大黄9xn, http://www.100md.com
醇浸液显棕色至棕红色荧光。而伪品波叶大黄则显蓝紫色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆牛膝9xn, http://www.100md.com
怀牛膝饮片显黄白色荧光,川牛膝饮片显淡蓝色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆黄连9xn, http://www.100md.com
横断面显金黄色荧光,木质部尤为显著。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆板蓝根9xn, http://www.100md.com
水煎液显蓝色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆常山9xn, http://www.100md.com
根横切面显亮绿色荧光,丙酮浸出液显亮黄色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆甘草9xn, http://www.100md.com
粉末显蒿黄色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆人参9xn, http://www.100md.com
生晒参断面木质部显蓝色荧光,红参断面显亮蓝色荧光,白参断面显亮蓝色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆桔梗9xn, http://www.100md.com
横断面皮部显蓝色荧光,木质部显黄绿色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆白芷9xn, http://www.100md.com
粉末水浸液显蓝色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆前胡9xn, http://www.100md.com
醚浸出液显淡天蓝色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆ㄜ?br> 横切片显亮淡紫色荧光,外皮显暗棕色荧光。(董雅琴 )
◆狗脊9xn, http://www.100md.com
横切片显亮黄色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆大黄9xn, http://www.100md.com
醇浸液显棕色至棕红色荧光。而伪品波叶大黄则显蓝紫色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆牛膝9xn, http://www.100md.com
怀牛膝饮片显黄白色荧光,川牛膝饮片显淡蓝色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆黄连9xn, http://www.100md.com
横断面显金黄色荧光,木质部尤为显著。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆板蓝根9xn, http://www.100md.com
水煎液显蓝色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆常山9xn, http://www.100md.com
根横切面显亮绿色荧光,丙酮浸出液显亮黄色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆甘草9xn, http://www.100md.com
粉末显蒿黄色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆人参9xn, http://www.100md.com
生晒参断面木质部显蓝色荧光,红参断面显亮蓝色荧光,白参断面显亮蓝色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆桔梗9xn, http://www.100md.com
横断面皮部显蓝色荧光,木质部显黄绿色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆白芷9xn, http://www.100md.com
粉末水浸液显蓝色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆前胡9xn, http://www.100md.com
醚浸出液显淡天蓝色荧光。9xn, http://www.100md.com
◆ㄜ?br> 横切片显亮淡紫色荧光,外皮显暗棕色荧光。(董雅琴 )