Unique CD18 mutations involving a deletion in the extracellular stalk region and a major truncation of the cytoplasmic domain in a patient with leukoc
From the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Leukocyte Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH.', http://www.100md.com
Two novel CD18 mutations were identified in a patient who was a compound heterozygote with type 1 leukocyte adhesion deficiency and whose phenotype was typical except that he exhibited hypertrophic scarring. A deletion of 36 nucleotides in exon 12 (1622del36) predicted the net loss of 12 amino acid (aa) residues in the third cysteine-rich repeat of the extracellular stalk region (mut-1). A nonsense mutation in exon 15 (2200G>T), predicted a 36-aa truncation of the cytoplasmic domain (mut-2). Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) and macrophage antigen-1 (Mac-1) containing the mut-1 {beta} 2 subunit were expressed at very low levels compared with wild-type (wt) {beta} 2. Mac-1 and LFA-1 expression with the mut-2 {beta} 2 subunit were equivalent to results with wt {beta} 2. Binding function of Mac-1 with mut-2 {beta} 2 was equivalent to that with wt {beta} 2. However, binding function of LFA-1 with the mut-2 {beta} 2 subunit was reduced by 50% versus wt {beta} 2. It was concluded that (1) the portion of the CD18 stalk region deleted in mut-1 is critical for {beta} 2 integrin heterodimer expression but the portion of the cytoplasmic domain truncated in mut-2 is not; and (2) the mut-2 cytoplasmic domain truncation impairs binding function of LFA-1 but not of Mac-1. Studies with the patient's neutrophils (PMNs) were consistent with functional impairment of LFA-1 but not of Mac-1. (Blood. 2004;103:1105-1113)(Patricia Hixson C. Wayne Smith Susan B. Shurin and Michael F. Tosi)
Two novel CD18 mutations were identified in a patient who was a compound heterozygote with type 1 leukocyte adhesion deficiency and whose phenotype was typical except that he exhibited hypertrophic scarring. A deletion of 36 nucleotides in exon 12 (1622del36) predicted the net loss of 12 amino acid (aa) residues in the third cysteine-rich repeat of the extracellular stalk region (mut-1). A nonsense mutation in exon 15 (2200G>T), predicted a 36-aa truncation of the cytoplasmic domain (mut-2). Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) and macrophage antigen-1 (Mac-1) containing the mut-1 {beta} 2 subunit were expressed at very low levels compared with wild-type (wt) {beta} 2. Mac-1 and LFA-1 expression with the mut-2 {beta} 2 subunit were equivalent to results with wt {beta} 2. Binding function of Mac-1 with mut-2 {beta} 2 was equivalent to that with wt {beta} 2. However, binding function of LFA-1 with the mut-2 {beta} 2 subunit was reduced by 50% versus wt {beta} 2. It was concluded that (1) the portion of the CD18 stalk region deleted in mut-1 is critical for {beta} 2 integrin heterodimer expression but the portion of the cytoplasmic domain truncated in mut-2 is not; and (2) the mut-2 cytoplasmic domain truncation impairs binding function of LFA-1 but not of Mac-1. Studies with the patient's neutrophils (PMNs) were consistent with functional impairment of LFA-1 but not of Mac-1. (Blood. 2004;103:1105-1113)(Patricia Hixson C. Wayne Smith Susan B. Shurin and Michael F. Tosi)