【摘要】 目的 探讨引起膝关节交锁的原因以及手术的临床效果。方法 对419例交锁性膝关节进行关节镜检查和治疗。结果 关节镜检查发现:半月板病损301例，占71.8%，关节内游离体56例，占13.4%，滑膜和脂肪垫病损29例，占6.9%，髁间窝骨赘对ACL撞击26例，占6.2%，前交叉韧带(ACL)部分或完全断裂4例，占0.95%，绒毛结节滑膜炎(PVNS)为3例，占0.72%。随访至术后3个月，极大多数膝关节(414例，98.8%)均恢复正常的活动范围。至12个月，2例膝关节伸直受限5°。结论 引起膝关节交锁的常见原因为半月板病损，游离体，滑膜和脂肪垫病损，ACL部分或完全断裂以及PVNS等，髁间窝骨赘对ACL的撞击也不应忽视。有症状的盘状半月板应尽早行成形或部分切除术。关节镜手术为诊断和治疗膝关节交锁最有效和可靠的方法。

    关键词 膝关节 交锁 关节镜

    A study on causes of419locked knees

    Wei Min，Wang Weili

    Department of Orthopedic Surgery，RenJi Hospital，Shanghai Second Medical University，Shanghai200001.

    【Abstract】 Objective To study the causes and clinical outcomes of arthroscopic surgery of locked knees.Methods 419locked knees were diagnosed and treated arthroscopically.Results The causes of locked knees were showed arthroscopically as follow:meniscal lesions71.8%(301knees);loose body13.4%(56knees);synovial and fat pad lesions6.9%(29knees);ACL impinged by osteophytes of intercondylar notch6.7%(26kness);ACL partial or completely tears0.95%(4kness);and PVNS0.72%(3kness).At3months of follow-up ......