关键词：嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌；抗生素；β-内酰胺酶
摘要 目的 为了观察嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对临床抗生素耐药情况及临床感染诱发因素。方法 对临床分离出的35例嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌进行了感染诱因分析，同时采用肉汤稀释法对抗生素耐药性进行了探讨。结果 菌株对头孢一代、头孢二代全部耐药，头孢哌酮耐药率54.3%，头孢他啶为60.0%，喹诺酮类体外呈现出较好的抗菌效果。培养阳性的患者当中34.3%患有恶性肿瘤、20.0%的患者接受过激素治疗、22.9%接受过气管插管。结论 患者患有其它疾病造成免疫功能低下，增加了嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染的机会。各种创伤性检查和治疗手段如气管插管等诱发了细菌感染。嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对多种抗生素耐药，尤其内酰胺酶类，给临床治疗带来困难。
中国图书资料分类法分类号 R378.99
Clinical predisposing factors and in vitro antimicrobial
drug-resistance of S.maltophilia
Yang Lijun Lin Guiqiu Weng SuLan
Department of laboratory medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029
Abstract OBJECTIVE To study the predispos ing factors in patients infectied with S. maltophilia and in vitro susceptibilit y to antimicrobial agents. METHODS S. malt ophilia were collected from 35 cases. In vitro drug susceptibility was evaluated by microdilution MIC. RESULTS 22.9% of pa tients experienced ventilatory catheter, 34.3% of patients suffered from maligna neies and stesoids were used in 20.0% of patients. In vitro susceptible tests s howed that 54.3% of the isolates were resistant to cefoperazone, all isolates we re resistant to cefotax, cefuroxime and imipenem and 42.9% of strains resistant to ciprofloxacin. CONCLUSION These data in dicate that S. maltophilia are multidrug-resistant. The underlying conditions o f the patients such as malignancy invasion, catheterization or post steroids tre atment may all be predisposed to S. maltophilia infection.
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