关键词: 静脉/损伤;血管内膜;闭塞率

    摘 要:目的 观察在牵拉性撕脱损伤时静脉内腔的形态变化和闭塞率. 方法 建立大白鼠静脉牵拉性撕脱伤的模型，分别给予0.6，0.7，0.8和0.9N的牵拉力，灌流后用光镜、扫描电镜观察血管内腔的变化. 结果 静脉被延长到110%，膨隆与狭窄交错;发生静脉切断的拉力为(1.093±0.064)N;在未被拉断的静脉中，部分静脉广泛性血栓形成、血流停滞，发生血管闭塞.镜下观察发现内皮细胞剥离或缺损，可分为:①内膜隆起裂痕型;②散在性内膜剥离型;③广泛性内膜缺损等三个类型.牵拉损伤的静脉切断后原位显微吻合的成功率为70%. 结论 损伤静脉有特征性的内膜变化，从内膜隆起、广泛性内膜剥离到内膜缺损，可导致血栓形成，影响血管吻合的成功率.

    Morphological changes and occlusion rate of veins in avulsion injury

    PAN Bao-Hua LI Hui-Yuan LU Kai-Hua Noritaka Isogai Hiroshi Kamiishi

    1 Center of Plastic Surgery，Xijing Hospital，Fourth Military Medical University，Xi'an710033，China，

    2 Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery，Kinki Univer-sity School of Medicine，Osaka-Sayama，589-8511，Japan

    Keywords:veins/injury;tunica intima;occlusion rate

    Abstract:AIM To investigate the morphological changes and occlusion rate of veins in the avulsion injury.METHODS Avulsion injury was induced by applying a vertical traction on rat femoral veins.Following perfusion，the pathological changes in luminal surface were examined by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy when applying force was0.6N ......