关键词: 环甲膜;解剖学;测量

    摘 要:目的 通过测量环甲膜的解剖学数据，为经环甲膜穿刺呼吸急救提供依据. 方法 100例成人在超声波下进行环甲膜观察，对具有临床意义的数据进行解剖学测量，并结合20具成人尸体标本的环甲膜测量比较，测量有关数据并在标本上摹拟环甲膜穿刺. 结果 裸露于两环甲肌内侧缘之间的环甲膜近似于长方形，超声波测量环甲膜中线处上下径为(4.4±1.0)mm，宽度为(11.9±3.2)mm，皮肤至环甲膜内侧气管面为(3.9±0.6)mm，成人尸体标本测量分别为(4.0±1.0)，(10.2±2.2)和(3.3±0.7)mm.环甲膜上下径在4mm者占71.2%. 结论 环甲膜空间可提供直径为3mm的穿刺针通过，经皮环甲膜穿刺一般穿刺深度为5mm即可到达气管内.当进行环甲膜穿刺抢救上呼吸道梗阻时，经环甲膜穿刺套管针直径最好不要大于3mm，以防止并发症发生.

    Anatomical measurement of cricothyroid membrane and its clinical significance

    ZHANG Guo-Liang GUO Jun ZHOU Shu-Xia

    1 Department of Anesthesiology，

    2 Department of Ultrasound，

    3 Department of Maxillofacial Surgery，Stomatological College，Fourth Military Medical University，Xi'an710033，China

    Keywords:cricothyroid membrane;anatomy;measurement

    Abstract:AIM To measure the cricothyroid membrane for percutaneous trans-tracheal ventilation as a temporary life-saving procedure during upper respiratory tract obstruction.METHODS 100adults underwent ultrasound to measure the cricothyroid membrane and20corpses were observed. ......