【摘要】 目的 了解大学新生人格障碍的阳性率和分布状况，并探讨人格障碍对青少年学业成就的影响。方法 使用“一般资料问卷”、“人格诊断问卷”，以现况研究整群抽样的方法调查北京市某重点大学新生和内蒙古某普通大学新生共3994人。结果 “人格诊断问卷”量表总分均数为27.09±9.94，阳性率为6.4%。其中以回避型人格障碍最多，占9.7%。结果显示：人格障碍得分与民族、居住地区、家庭收入、父母关系、父母文化程度、是否独生子女等因素有显著关联，不同高考成绩的新生人格障碍得分阳性率差异有显著性，普通大学新生人格障碍阳性率高于重点大学。结论 民族、居住地区、家庭条件、父母文化程度、家庭子女数影响人格的形成；青少年不良的人格是影响其学业成就的危险因素。

    【关键词】 人格障碍；PDQ-R

    【Abstract】 Objective To explore the characteristics of personality and the prevalence of personality disorders among freshmen in two universities，and to explore the effect of related factors on personality formation of university students.Methods There were 3994 freshmen investigated by Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised (PDQ-R) and the General Information Questionnaire.Results The mean scores of PDQ-R was 27.09±9.94.The positive rate of personality disorder was 6.4%.It showed that minority，reside in rural，poor parental relationship educational level，and lower income family increased risk of personality disorders.Conclusion More attention should be paid to mental health among undergraduate students and high school students. ......