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城乡高考生心理健康的差异与原因分析
http://www.100md.com 《四川精神卫生》 2006年第1期
心理健康,,心理健康,SCL-90,高考生,城乡差异,1对象与方法,2结果,3讨论,参考文献
     【摘要】目的 探讨城乡高考生心理健康的差异及原因。方法 于高考前4个月用症状自评量表(SCL-90)集体测试,同时以半开放式问卷调查可能影响考生心理健康的因素。结果 农村生总均分、阳性症状均分以及人际关系、恐怖因子分高于城镇生(P<005)。人际关系、焦虑(含≥3分)、偏执和精神病性因子的异常率农村生高于城镇生(χ2=407~728);考生异常因子人均数及异常因子数达6个、≥3分的因子数达3个的考生,农村生多于城镇生(χ2=443~389)。结论 与城镇生相比,农村考生的心理问题发生率高,痛苦程度大,心理健康状况差。家庭经济条件不同,父母文化程度及教育方式差异,非学业的心理压力和期望值高等是导致城乡考生心理健康差异的原因。

    【关键词】 心理健康 SCL-90 高考生 城乡差异

    Analysis of the mental health states of the rural and urban candidates for the CEE.

    ZHANG Yongan,WANG Cuiping,LI Xiaorong,et al.

    The 86th Hospital of the PLA,Dangtu,Anhui 243100,China

    【Abstract】Objective To survey the differences and causes of the mental health states of the rural and urban candidates for the CEE(college entrance examinations).Method The author arranged a grouptest among the candidates for CEE with a symptom self evaluating measuring form(SCL-90)four months before the CEE.Related information about possible factors were also collected through a semiopen examination.Results The rural candidates got much higher average total marks and the marks for the positive symptom than the urban candidate.The rural candidates also got higher marks in interpersonal relationship and phobia(P<005).Their marks were higher for the abnormal rates of interpersonal relationship,anxiety,being stubbomly biased(including≥3)(χ2=407~728).More rural candidates got over 6 abnormal factors and 3 factors which were≥3(χ2=443~389).Conclusions Compared with the urban candidates,the rural candidates suffer more mental health problems and they had poorer mental health.The causes lie in the following factors:family economic state,the education their parents received,parental educating methods,mental pressure and too high expectation.Great expectations have some negative effects upon the candidates for the CEE to some degree.The parent’s expectations have an even more obvious effect upon their children. ......

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