Poor lung function is five times commoner in teenagers exposed to high particulate concentrations
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《英国医生杂志》
Current concentrations of air pollution can have chronic adverse effects on lung development in children, which lead to clinically important deficits in lung function by adulthood, a new study has shown ( New England Journal of Medicine 2004;357: 1057-67).
Until now, whether exposure to air pollution adversely affected the increase in lung function during the period of rapid lung development that occurs between the ages of 10 and 18 years was unknown.
Smoggy skies over Los Angeles could adversely affect the development of lung function during the teenage years
Credit: RIC FRANCIS/AP
In a prospective study, researchers recruited 1759 children (average 10 years old) from schools in 12 southern California communities and measured lung function annually for eight years. About 10% of children were lost to follow up each year. The communities represented a wide range of ambient exposures to common pollutants, including ozone, acid vapour, nitrogen dioxide, and particulate matter.
The researchers—led by Dr W James Gauderman of the department of preventive medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles—measured the relationship between concentrations of air pollution and the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and other spirometric measures. They found that, over the eight years, deficits in the growth of FEV1 were associated with exposure to nitrogen dioxide (P=0.005), acid vapour (P=0.004), particulate matter (P=0.04), and elemental carbon (P=0.007).
The estimated proportion of 18 year old subjects with a low FEV1 (defined as a ratio of observed to expected FEV1 of less than 80%) was 4.9 times greater at the highest level of exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 micrometres as at the lowest level of exposure (7.9% v 1.6%; P=0.002).(Scott Gottlieb)
Until now, whether exposure to air pollution adversely affected the increase in lung function during the period of rapid lung development that occurs between the ages of 10 and 18 years was unknown.
Smoggy skies over Los Angeles could adversely affect the development of lung function during the teenage years
Credit: RIC FRANCIS/AP
In a prospective study, researchers recruited 1759 children (average 10 years old) from schools in 12 southern California communities and measured lung function annually for eight years. About 10% of children were lost to follow up each year. The communities represented a wide range of ambient exposures to common pollutants, including ozone, acid vapour, nitrogen dioxide, and particulate matter.
The researchers—led by Dr W James Gauderman of the department of preventive medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles—measured the relationship between concentrations of air pollution and the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and other spirometric measures. They found that, over the eight years, deficits in the growth of FEV1 were associated with exposure to nitrogen dioxide (P=0.005), acid vapour (P=0.004), particulate matter (P=0.04), and elemental carbon (P=0.007).
The estimated proportion of 18 year old subjects with a low FEV1 (defined as a ratio of observed to expected FEV1 of less than 80%) was 4.9 times greater at the highest level of exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 micrometres as at the lowest level of exposure (7.9% v 1.6%; P=0.002).(Scott Gottlieb)