海南省大学生自我健康评估状况及其影响因素分析(1)
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【摘要】 目的 了解海南大学生自我健康评估状况及其影响因素，为促进高校体育与健康教育及大学生健康自我管理提供参考依据。方法 采用自测健康评定量表(SRHMS 1.0)对在校学生进行调查，并对其城乡差异、每周健身次数、睡眠时间等影响因素进行分析。结果 海南大学生生理、心理、社会健康子量表及其维度终得分和总分在(57.0±18.8)～(92.6±15.5)分之间，其中生理健康子量表的终得分最高，为(79.9±10.7)分，心理健康子量表的终得分最低为(64.2±14.5)分；城乡差异、每周健身次数、睡眠时间、性别以及年级影响因素与各子量表总分以及自测健康评定总分差异均有统计学意义。结论 城乡差异、每周健身次数、睡眠时间、性别、年级是影响海南大学生健康的重要因素。
【关键词】 自我评价(心理学)；对比研究；精神卫生；学生
【中图分类号】 R 395.6 B 84 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2010)10-1203-03
Self-health Assessment States and Its Influencing Factors of University Students in Hainan Province/YU Ai-ling. College of Physical Education, Qiongzhou University, Sanya(572022), Hainan Province, China
【Abstract】 Objective To study the self-health assessment status among university students in Hainan province and its influencing factors, and to provide reference for improving physical and health education in university and health self-management of university students. Methods Totally five hundred university students in Hainan province were investigated by SRHMS 1.0 and analyzed the related influencing factors including difference between urban and rural areas, times of exercise every week, daily sleep time, sex and grade. Results The scores of the self-rated health of university students in Hainan province were from (57. 0±18.8) to (92. 6±15.5). The scores in subscale of physical health was highest(79.9±10.7), mental health was lowest(64.2±14.5). There were statistical significant differences among the students with difference between urban and rural areas, times of exercise every week, daily sleep time, sex and grade. Conclusion The influencing factors to university students in Hainan province are different between urban and rural areas, times of exercise every week, daily sleep time, sex and grade.
【Key words】 Self assessment(psychology); Comparative study; Mental health; Students
健康自我评估，是指个体对其健康状况的主观评价和期望。它基于个体对自己生理、心理等方面的认识，把主客观的各种健康信息融合在一起，形成对自身总体健康状况的认识。它是获得全面健康状况的一种常用方法，也是健康自我管理的出发点[1]。自测健康评定是开展自我健康评估的一个有效工具，便于了解个体健康状况在躯体性、心理性和社会适应性3种表现类型上的归属，有利于探讨影响个体健康状况的主要因素，为改善人群或个体健康状况提供定量化的参考信息[2]。近年来，许军等[3]修订的自测健康评定量表(SRHMS)在国内得到较广泛应用，该量表具有较好信度和效度[4-5]。有关研究表明，自测健康在性别、年龄、种族、婚姻、职业、经济状况和文化程度方面存在差异[6]。据国外报道，个体自测健康状况与其自我报告的躯体和情感的体验高度相关[7] ......
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