团体心理辅导对大一新生心理适应的干预效果评价(1)
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【摘要】 目的 研究团体心理辅导对大一适应困难学生的干预效果，以促进适应困难新生的心理成长。方法 对30名经心理普查和面谈筛选获得的大一适应困难新生进行为期8周、共8次的团体心理辅导，同时设置对照组。采用SCL-90，SSRS，SAS，SDS，CSAI量表于团体心理辅导前和辅导后对实验组和对照组进行心理测评，进行辅导前、后样本的配对t检验。结果 团体辅导后，实验组在SCL-90的总均分、躯体化、人际敏感、焦虑、恐怖因子得分上显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01)；SAS焦虑得分显著降低(P<0.05)；SSRS社会支持总分、主观支持分和支持利用度得分显著提高(P值均<0.05)；CSAI学习适应性、人际适应性、角色适应性、环境总体认同、身心症状表现得分显著提高(P值均<0.05)。结论 团体心理辅导能显著改善适应困难新生的适应状况。
【关键词】 精神卫生；团体处理；干预性研究；学生
【中图分类号】 R 395.6 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2010)11-1319-03
Effect of Group Counseling on Freshmen with Adjusting Disorder/LIU FU-liang. Nanjing University of Science & Techology, Nanjing (210094), China
【Abstract】 Objective To study the effect of group counseling on intervening adaptability of freshmen with adjusting disorder, and to promote their psychological development. Methods Sixty freshmen with adjusting disorder had been sampled by the results of UPI and interview, 30 of them as experimental group which received 8 times group counseling lasting 8 weeks, and the other 30 as control group. Symptom Check List 90(SCL-90), Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS), Social Support Rate Sale(SSRS) and College Student Adaptability Inventory(CSAI ) were used to evaluate the mental health before and after counseling. All data were analyzed by paired-sample t test. ResultsCompared with pre-counseling, the SCL-90 scores of experimental group decreased significantly in general mean, somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety and phobic factor(P<0.05，P<0.01);the SAS scores of experimental group decreased significantly(P<0.05), and no significant difference was found in the SDS scores of the 2 groups; general scores, subjective support and support using factor in SSRS increased significantly(P<0.05); learning adaptability, interpersonal adaptability, self adaptability, environmental general evaluation and somatization symptom factor scores in CSAI increased significantly(P<0.05). ConclusionGroup counseling plays an effective role in helping the freshmen with adjusting disorder.
【Key words】 Mental health;Group processes;Intervention studies;Students
适应困难新生是大一新生中的一个特殊群体，也是各高校心理健康教育工作者关注和干预的重点。团体心理辅导可以在通过团体关系的功能，帮助适应困难学生缓解不安情绪，矫正不适应行为，减轻症状，恢复身心健康[1]，被认为是干预大学生适应困难的有效方法。该研究以这一特殊群体为对象，利用团体心理辅导的技术实施干预，旨在探讨系统的团体心理辅导对新生心理适应干预的实际效果，促进适应困难新生的心理适应和健康成长，也为相关理论提供实验佐证。
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