穷人的孩子得胃病的危险高
路透社纽约健康消息 最近一期《临床传染病杂志》发表的一项研究发现，美国黑人和西班牙裔低收入家庭的小孩感染幽门螺杆菌的现象相当普遍，致使他们患胃溃疡及胃癌的危险性增加。
德克萨斯州休斯顿贝勒大学医学院肠胃病学副教授郝达·M·曼拉帝博士和她的研究小组在1996年到1998年间对356名年龄为2-16岁的儿童进行了调查。这些儿童都是住在休斯顿地区的13家专门接收家庭经济地位处于较低或中低层儿童的日托中心。结果发现，其中24%的儿童感染上了细菌，10岁以上儿童的感染率接近50%，这组数字远远高于欧洲国家5%-10%的儿童感染率。发病率最高的是住在拥挤的日托中心、家中有四个以上弟兄姊妹以及母亲教育程度较低的孩子。研究人员还发现：以母乳喂养的小孩似乎抗病能力较强，可能是因为母乳中有一定的保护因子。
虽然幽门螺杆菌的确切传播途径还不清楚，但研究结果表明：拥挤及卫生条件差的环境似乎是传染病的滋生源。抗生素可以有效地治疗病症，但有些症状包括呕吐及胃痛，并不是在所有病人身上都表现得很明显。如果不能确诊，病情就会加重，甚至引发致命的胃病并发症。
, 百拇医药
家庭内外的环境因素在传播细菌方面所起的作用很大，目前还需要进行更多的研究来搞清楚到底批这些孩子为什么及怎么样会易受传染。有效的幽门螺杆菌疫苗至少还需要2年时间才能研制出来，因此曼拉帝博士建议那些有着高危险发病率的孩子的家长要对这种疾病的症状保持高度戒备状态，要经常带孩子去做检查，教育孩子养成良好的卫生习惯，如饭前便后勤洗手等。
摘自：《临床传染病杂志》2001;32:1387-1392
Lower Income Kids at Risk for Stomach Infection
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - A new study finds that infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori is common among low-income black and Hispanic children in the US, placing them at risk of developing stomach ulcers and stomach cancer.
, http://www.100md.com
``What surprised us from the study is the high rate of infection among the black and Hispanic children in the US with a bacteria that had started, at one time, to disappear in westernized developed countries,‘‘ said lead author Dr. Hoda M. Malaty, an associate professor of gastroenterology at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas.
Although the exact way that H. pylori spreads is unknown, crowded and unsanitary environments seem to be a breeding ground for the infection, the report indicates.
, http://www.100md.com
The infection is easily treated with antibiotics, but the researchers warn that symptoms, which include nausea and stomach pain, are not always evident in all patients. If undiagnosed, the infection can lead to serious and even deadly stomach complications.
Between 1996 and 1998, Malaty and her colleagues focused on 356 boys and girls aged 2 to 16, all of whom were attending one of 13 day care centers in the Houston area. The centers mainly enrolled children from the lower and lower-middle socioeconomic classes.
, http://www.100md.com
The report, published In the May 15th issue of the Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases, notes that 24% of the children overall were infected with the bacteria. Nearly half of the children older than 10 had H. pylori infection. These figures are extremely high when compared with the 5% to 10% infection rate among children in European countries, Malaty pointed out.
The researchers found the highest risk of infection among those children who attended crowded day care centers, those who lived in a family with four or more children, and those whose mothers had less education.
, http://www.100md.com
Having been breast-fed appeared to protect children against infection, the team notes, probably because of certain protective properties of breast milk.
The authors conclude that environmental factors both inside and outside the home play a role in the spread of the bacteria, but that more studies are needed to establish exactly how and why children become vulnerable to infection.
Malaty told Reuters Health that a vaccine against H. pylori is at least 2 years away. She advises parents of children at high risk to be on the lookout for symptoms, have them tested regularly, and to be sure to teach proper hygiene.
``Education is very important,‘‘ she said. ``Teaching children to wash their hands after they eat and go to the bathroom, bathing everyday, keeping clean--these things are very simple, and should be a common practice.‘‘
SOURCE: Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2001;32:1387-1392., http://www.100md.com
德克萨斯州休斯顿贝勒大学医学院肠胃病学副教授郝达·M·曼拉帝博士和她的研究小组在1996年到1998年间对356名年龄为2-16岁的儿童进行了调查。这些儿童都是住在休斯顿地区的13家专门接收家庭经济地位处于较低或中低层儿童的日托中心。结果发现，其中24%的儿童感染上了细菌，10岁以上儿童的感染率接近50%，这组数字远远高于欧洲国家5%-10%的儿童感染率。发病率最高的是住在拥挤的日托中心、家中有四个以上弟兄姊妹以及母亲教育程度较低的孩子。研究人员还发现：以母乳喂养的小孩似乎抗病能力较强，可能是因为母乳中有一定的保护因子。
虽然幽门螺杆菌的确切传播途径还不清楚，但研究结果表明：拥挤及卫生条件差的环境似乎是传染病的滋生源。抗生素可以有效地治疗病症，但有些症状包括呕吐及胃痛，并不是在所有病人身上都表现得很明显。如果不能确诊，病情就会加重，甚至引发致命的胃病并发症。
, 百拇医药
家庭内外的环境因素在传播细菌方面所起的作用很大，目前还需要进行更多的研究来搞清楚到底批这些孩子为什么及怎么样会易受传染。有效的幽门螺杆菌疫苗至少还需要2年时间才能研制出来，因此曼拉帝博士建议那些有着高危险发病率的孩子的家长要对这种疾病的症状保持高度戒备状态，要经常带孩子去做检查，教育孩子养成良好的卫生习惯，如饭前便后勤洗手等。
摘自：《临床传染病杂志》2001;32:1387-1392
Lower Income Kids at Risk for Stomach Infection
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - A new study finds that infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori is common among low-income black and Hispanic children in the US, placing them at risk of developing stomach ulcers and stomach cancer.
, http://www.100md.com
``What surprised us from the study is the high rate of infection among the black and Hispanic children in the US with a bacteria that had started, at one time, to disappear in westernized developed countries,‘‘ said lead author Dr. Hoda M. Malaty, an associate professor of gastroenterology at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas.
Although the exact way that H. pylori spreads is unknown, crowded and unsanitary environments seem to be a breeding ground for the infection, the report indicates.
, http://www.100md.com
The infection is easily treated with antibiotics, but the researchers warn that symptoms, which include nausea and stomach pain, are not always evident in all patients. If undiagnosed, the infection can lead to serious and even deadly stomach complications.
Between 1996 and 1998, Malaty and her colleagues focused on 356 boys and girls aged 2 to 16, all of whom were attending one of 13 day care centers in the Houston area. The centers mainly enrolled children from the lower and lower-middle socioeconomic classes.
, http://www.100md.com
The report, published In the May 15th issue of the Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases, notes that 24% of the children overall were infected with the bacteria. Nearly half of the children older than 10 had H. pylori infection. These figures are extremely high when compared with the 5% to 10% infection rate among children in European countries, Malaty pointed out.
The researchers found the highest risk of infection among those children who attended crowded day care centers, those who lived in a family with four or more children, and those whose mothers had less education.
, http://www.100md.com
Having been breast-fed appeared to protect children against infection, the team notes, probably because of certain protective properties of breast milk.
The authors conclude that environmental factors both inside and outside the home play a role in the spread of the bacteria, but that more studies are needed to establish exactly how and why children become vulnerable to infection.
Malaty told Reuters Health that a vaccine against H. pylori is at least 2 years away. She advises parents of children at high risk to be on the lookout for symptoms, have them tested regularly, and to be sure to teach proper hygiene.
``Education is very important,‘‘ she said. ``Teaching children to wash their hands after they eat and go to the bathroom, bathing everyday, keeping clean--these things are very simple, and should be a common practice.‘‘
SOURCE: Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2001;32:1387-1392., http://www.100md.com