[摘要] 目的：初步观察骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)在面神经缺损修复中的作用。方法：抽取兔骨髓液经Percoll液离心得到单个核细胞，经体外培养、纯化后获得兔骨髓MSCs。15只新西兰白兔的两侧面神经上颊支分别造成12 mm的缺损，一侧硅胶管套管连接后植入MSCs，另一侧单纯硅胶管套管。于术后第4、8、16周行大体观察，测定神经传导速度，处死动物后作组织学检查。结果：第4周时双侧管内未见明显再生神经纤维；第8周和16周时，双侧管内可见再生神经纤维。神经电生理测定和有髓神经纤维计数结果显示， MSCs侧优于单纯套管侧(P<0.05)。结论：MSCs可促进面神经缺损的修复，提示MSCs可应用于修复外周神经缺损。

    [关键词] 骨髓间充质干细胞 面神经缺损 神经再生

    The Pilot Study of Regeneration of Facial Nerve Defect with Rabbit Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

    YU Guo-jian, HU Qin-gang, ZHOU Bing-rong, et al.

    Stomatological Hospital Affilliated College of Medicine， Nanjing University,Nanjing 210008

    [Abstract]Objective: To observe the effect of BMSCs on regeneration of facial nerve defects. Methods: The BMSCs were isolated from the mononucleated cells fraction of rabbit bone marrow by Percoll, and then cultured in vitro. 15 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. Bilateral 12mm defect of superior buccal divisions of the facial nerves were made in rabbits. Silicone conduit containing BMSCs was implanted into one gap, and single Silicone conduit was implanted into the another gap as control. The nerve regeneration was evaluated with gross appearance, electrophysiological and histological examination at 4, 8 and 16 weeks postoperatively. Results: The regenerated nerve fibers were observed in the conduits of both sides at 8 and 16 weeks after operation, but no regenerated nerve fibers at 4 weeks after operation. Compared with the control side, the experimental side had faster motor nerve conduction velocity and more regenerating myelinated nerve fibers at 8 and 16 weeks postoperatively. There were significant differences in both conditions (P<0.05). Conclusions: BMSCs were proved to have capacity for facilitating the peripheral-nerve regeneration. The study indicated that BMSCs may be used in regeneration of peripheral-nerve defects. ......