【摘要】 目的 先天性小结肠畸形以往手术为行结肠远端造瘘、远端畸形肠段切除并行结肠直肠吻合，本文将对该病新术式的可行性进行探讨。方法 从2004年4～12月，我院共收住3例诊断“先天性小结肠畸形”的新生儿，其中男1例，女2例，日龄2～4天(平均3天)，1例合并横结肠约4cm肠段闭锁，2例为单纯降结肠细小，直径平均5mm。诊断明确后行剖腹探查术。第一期做正常的结肠造瘘，嘱家长在6个月内每日坚持予温盐水灌肠，以刺激小结肠的发育，避免废用性萎缩，6个月后回院行钡灌检查提示：原狭窄肠段直径平均15mm，第二期术中送检小结肠黏膜提示有神经节细胞，故行结肠端—侧吻合术，术后予静脉营养1周。结果 3例病儿均生长良好，1例术后出现巨结肠症状，无肠瘘，但排便正常，2例无并发症，1例术后6个月曾出现不完全性肠梗阻，经保守治疗后好转，3例患儿随访至今。结论 本术式无需切除病变肠段，减少手术难度及术后并发症。

    【关键词】 小结肠畸形；灌肠；造瘘

    【Abstract】 Objective To discuss the confidence of operation newly of congenital microcolon malformation.Methods Three children have been treated since 2004.Their age ranged from 2 days 4 days (mean age 3 days).One of 3 patients was associated with atresia of transversecolon.Others were stricture of descending colon.The average diameter was 5mm.They were accepted coloproctia.With normal colon in one-stage operation.And ask their parents to saline enema.For the children every day in 6 months.For stimulating microcolon and contatrophy.According to the result of the bariam enema examination after 6 Months,the average diameter of microcolon was 15mm.And based on the pathological report by frozen section during the 2nd operation.Gangliocyte could be seen into the mucous layer of the microcolon.They were all accepted the end-to end intestinal conastomosis in two-stage operation and be used intravenous feeding for 7 days.Results One of three has symption of macrocolon after operation.But the excretory function was fine and no colonic fistala.Others were fine.And one of the three has incomplete obstruction and cured by conservative treatment.They were all normotrophic from now on.Conclusion The new way could be reduced the difficulty of operation and neopathy without cutting the microcolon. ......