不同浓度溴甲烷灭蚊效果观察

    万向阳 阎 静 王福建 钟和平 湖南出入境检验检疫局(410007)

    摘要 目的 观察不同浓度溴甲烷对集装箱灭蚊效果,以期用最低的浓度在最短的时间达到最佳

    灭蚊效果。方法 将2组6个空标准箱,分别按梅花点布挂成蚊5笼100只,再按5 g m3

    、 10g m3

    、 15 g m3

    溴甲烷熏蒸作用6 h和9 h ,同时设2个空白对照集装箱,观察不同浓度对成蚊的杀灭率。结果 作用浓

    度≥ 5 g m3

    ,作用时间6 h ,全部将实验蚊子杀灭,杀灭率达100 %,对照集装箱蚊子自然死亡率仅为16 %

    (χ2

    = 144183 , P < 01005)。结论 低浓度溴甲烷在较短时间完全能击倒空标准箱内成蚊。以10 g m3

    的

    浓度作用6 h可广泛用于口岸出入境集装箱卫生除害处理。

    关键词 溴甲烷 不同浓度 灭蚊效果

    Abstract Objective To observe the mosquito - killing effect of bromomethane at different concentration

    during the delivering of containers and for achieving maximum mosquito - killing effect at the lowest concentration

    and in shortest acting period.Method Eight containers were divided into Experimental Group (consisted of 6 con2

    tainers) and Control Group (consisted of 2 containers) and 5 cages made of dotted cloth and each containing 100

    mosquitoes were put inside each of the containers both in the Experimental Group and Control Group.All the 6 con 2

    tainers in the Experimental Group were fumigated with bromomethane at the concentrations of 5g m 3

    ,10g m3

    and 15

    g m3

    and for an acting period of 6 hours and 9 hours ,respectively ,no treament was given to the 2 containers in the

    Control Group and the mosquito - killing effect were observed. Results All the mosquitoes in the Experimental

    group were killed at the concentration of ≥ 5g m3

    for an acting period of 6 hours with a killing rate of 100 %,while

    the natural death rate of the mosquitoes in the Control Group was only 16 %(χ2

    = 144. 83 , P < 0. 01) Conclusion

    The mosquitoes in the containers could be knocked down by bromomethane at a low concentration and a short period

    of time. Thus the bromomethane at the concentration of 10g m3

    and an acting period of 6 hours is effective and could

    be employed for hygienic treatment of containers at the import and export ports.

    Key word Bromomethane Concentration Mosquito - killing effect

    溴甲烷用于啮齿动物、卫生及农林牧业害虫的熏

    蒸除害处理早已被人们熟悉,但如何以较低浓度、在最

    短时间内达到最佳灭虫除害效果目前报道甚少,湖南

    出入境检验检疫局为了进一步了解溴甲烷不同浓度的

    灭蚊效果,以便在大规模的出入境集装箱熏蒸灭蚊防

    病工作中广泛应用,于2002年8月28日在长沙港务局

    南湖码头,开展了一次不同浓度的溴甲烷熏蒸灭蚊效

    果观察实验,现将结果报告如下:

    1 实验材料

    111 实验药剂

    钢瓶装9915 %溴甲烷高压气体,系浙江省临海市

    建新化工厂生产,由湖南商检公司熏蒸消毒队提供 ......