关键词: 二尖瓣闭锁不全;心室功能;疾病模型，动物;容量负荷

    摘 要:目的 建立在超声引导下经心导管介入造成二尖瓣关闭不全容量负荷动物模型的新方法，并观察单纯二尖瓣返流所致的左心室形态和功能变化规律. 方法 经健康成年犬颈动脉置入左冠状动脉造影管，在二维超声引导下将心肌活检钳经心导管置入左心室，钳夹并离断二尖瓣腱索造成二尖瓣返流，用二维超声及彩色多普勒和右心漂浮导管判定二尖瓣返流程度及术后左心室形态和功能的变化. 结果 所有实验犬均有一、二级腱索断裂;术后二尖瓣口出现中-重度返流(50±12)mL，返流速度及肺毛细血管嵌压均明显升高分别为350.46m s-1 和(2.1±0.3)kPa.左房和左室腔内径进行性扩大:LADD从22.4cm增加至31.7cm，LVESV从60.4mL增加至110.2mL.术后早期即出现心肌肥厚，心肌质量增加13%，但LVmass/LVEDV比值变小.后期心肌质量增加28%，LVmass/LVEDV比值变大.术后早期左室射血容积、心排量下降，EF值术后1mo升高，3mo出现下降. 结论 应用超声介导造成二尖瓣关闭不全容量负荷动物模型的方法能及时发现和观察二尖瓣返流的出现、程度以及左心室形态和功能变化规律，技术简便安全.

    Left ventricular morphosis and function of dog model with volume overload

    ZHANG Jin-Bao WANG Yi-Wei Liu Wei-Yong Li Jun HE Jian-Guo

    1 Center of Cardiovascular Surgery，

    2 Laboratory of Hematology，

    3 Department of Ultrasound，Xijing Hospital，Fourth Military Medical University，Xi'an710033，China

    Keywords:mitral valve insufficiency;ventricular function;experimental model;volume overload

    Abstract:AIM To construct the animal model with volume overload of canine traumatic mitral regurgitation(TMR)with a new technique of percutaneous transluminal catheteriz-tion under the guidance of2dimension echocardiography and to observe the regulation of the change in left ventricular morphosis and function due to simple mitral regurgitation.METHODS Left coronary arteries catheterization was ad-vanced from the health adult dog jugular arterial across the aortic valve into the left ventricle and a myocardium grasping forceps was inserted into the left ventricle through catheteriz-tion.The forceps was used to grasp mitral valve papillary muscles and then to break off in order to bring about mitral regurgitation.The mitral regurgitation degree and change of left ventricular morphosis and function were judged by2di-mension echocardiography and colour Doppler and Swan-Ganz catheterization.RESULTS All experiment dogs had1or2degrees of broken mitral valve tendons and mitral valve expe-rienced middle and sever regurgitation(50±12)mL after the operation.The velocity of regurgitation and PCV increase was(350±46m s-1 and26.4±3.1kPa).There was my-ocardium hypertrophy early after the operation and LVmass weight increased13% ......