【摘要】 近年来的流行病学资料表明我国流行性乙型脑炎年发病率为1.8~2.5/万，病死率20%~50%，致残率45%，农村地区乙脑疫苗接种率普遍较低。本文就该病临床上特效治疗药物乙型脑炎人免疫球蛋白的研制及应用前景进行探讨。

    【关键词】 脑炎，日本；免疫球蛋白类

    【Abstract】 Lately epidemiological study showed that the annual incidence of epidemic encephalitis B in China was 1.8~2.5per ten thousand，mortality and rate of disability was 20%~50%，45% respectively.The rate of vaccinated by epidemic encephalitis B vaccine was low in the rural areas.This article gives a discussion about the development and clinic use of human encephalitis B immunoglobulin which is specially valid medicine for epidemic encephalitis B.

    【Key words】 encephalitis,Japanese;immunoglobulins

    流行性乙型脑炎(epidemic encephalitis B)简称乙脑，是病死率及致残率均较高的急性虫媒传染病，居住环境的改善和疫苗的应用使其发病率有了大幅的下降，近年来该病病死率是仅次于结核排序居第二位的乙类传染病。本文就乙脑流行病学及该病临床上特效治疗药物乙型脑炎人免疫球蛋白的研制与应用前景进行探讨。

     1 流行性乙型脑炎

    乙脑是以脑实质炎症为主要病变的急性传染病。乙脑病毒(encephalitis B virus)1953年从日本患者脑组织中首次分离获得，在国际上亦称日本脑炎(Japanese encephalitis)。该病临床上以高热、意识障碍、抽搐及脑膜刺激征为特征。重症患者伴中枢性呼吸衰竭，病死率高达20%~50%[1]，病后可后遗意识障碍、痴呆、失语、瘫痪、癫痫等神经精神残疾，发生率45%[2] ......