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http://www.100md.com 《肠外与肠内营养》 1999年第4期
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    肠外与肠内营养990423 The rationalities for early nasogastric feeding after severe head injury

    HUANG Dong-jian,LIU Yun-sheng,WANG Zhi-Jian et al

    (Department of Neursurgery,Guangzhou Second Municipal Peoples Hospital,Guangzhou 510150,China)

    Abstract: Objectives:Patients with severe brain injures require nutritional support becease of an accelerated metabolism and prolonged inability to eat.Because of the high incidence of gastropareis,enteral nutritiona support of patient with acute head injury has traditionally been difficult.This study evaduated that tolerance and effect of modified nasogastric feeding as early nutritional aupport in 41 severe head-injuried patients. Methods:The study group(41 cases) was fed gastrically with the element diet and the control group(39 cases) was nutritional supported with common method.The enteral feeding was started within 48 h post injury for study group versus 6 to 8 days for control group. Results:Evidence indicates that aggressive early enteral feeding regimens using small nasogastric tude were tolerared better than previously believed.As compared with control group,the nitrogen balance,serum albumin,ICr,body weight,were signficantly better in the patients with nasogastric feeding after injury(P<0.05~P<0.01). Conclusions:The modified gastric feeding is helpful to the early nutrition and beneficial to improve gut function and the nutritional condition of the severe head-injured patients.
, 百拇医药
    Key words: Head injury; Enteral nutrition; Hypermetabolism

    Enteral nutrition supplimented with dietary fiber in

    patients with enterocutaneous fistula

    JIANG Jun,REN Jian-an,GU Jun et al

    (Research Institute of General Surgery,Nanjing General Hosptial of PLA,Nanjing 210002,China)

    Abstract: Objectives:To observe the effect of enteral nutrition on patietns with enterocutaneous fistula,and the effect of dietary fiber on the defective habits. Methods:Thirty-one patient with enterocutaneous fistula were randomly divided into control group,single type DF group and mixed DF group,blood chemistry,nutritional parameters and changes of defective habit were recovered. Results:EN was effective in improving the nutritional conditions of patients with EF and preventing cholestasis after long term TPN.Dietary fiber was effective in controlling diarrhea or constipation,mixed DF was more effective than single type. Conclusions:Enterla nutrition supplimented with DF was effective,safe and well tolerated by patietns with EF.
, 百拇医药
    Key words: Dietary fiber; Enteral nutrition; Enterocutaneous fistula

    Nutrition support in severe acute pancreatitis

    ZHAO Xu-hui, DAI Yan, HU Shou-hong

    (branch of Anhui Provincial hospital,Hefei 230031,China)

    Abstract: Objectives:To investigate the value and characteristics of nutritional support in the therapy for patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP). Methods:To evaluate the necessity of nutritional support in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis,total parenleral nutrition(TPN) of low energy with rich aminonitrogen was used in 17 patients.The mixtrue had a glucose/lipid of 1/1 and a energy/aminonitrogen of 418.4 kJ/1 g.TPN was infused through central veins in all patients and was followed by total entral nutrition(TEN) or oral dinner(OD) in individual patients according to the severity of the disease. Results:Nutritional support decreased the acurrence of the complication and lowered the mortality of SAP. Conclusions:Adequated nutritional support had some help in improving the prognosis of severe acute pancretitis.
, http://www.100md.com
    Key words: Severe acute pancretitis; Nutritional support

    The nutritional support for the patient with serious abdominal infection

    HU Rui-xiang,LUO Shi-cheng,CHANG Yong-giong

    (Department of General Surgery,The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650032,China)

    Abstract: Objectives:To evaluate the clinical effects of Hypocaloric parenteral nutrition(HPN) and recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH) on the patient with serious abdominal infection. Methods:HPN and low-dose rhGH(saizen) were given to 40 patients with serious adbominal infection and hypoalbuminosis,their weight,serum albumin,transferrin(TFN),creatinine height index(CHI),total lymphocyte count (TLC) and nitrogen balance were examined. Results:The protein increased significantly(P<0.05),self-contrast prior to and after the test. Conclusions:The catabolic response of serious abdominal infection can be modified with GH and hypocaloric nutrition,it can improve the protein synthesis and nitrogen balance in short time,increase the clinical effects of nutritional treatment.
, 百拇医药
    Key words: Abdominal infection; Hypoalbuminosis; HPN; rhGH

    Nutritional support in serious patients

    with mechanical ventilation after cardica operation

    WANG Ming-hua, WANG Chun-xiang,LIU Lu-qi et al

    (Department of Cardiac Surgery,Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province,Jinan 250014,China)

    Abstract: Objectives:To study the reasonable uses of the nutritional support treatment in the serious patients of post heart operation during mechanical ventilation. Methods:The nutritional support treatment was performed in 87 cases of serious patients post heart operation during mechanical ventilation.TPN was taken from 24 hours after heart operation to the time gastrointestinal function recovered.Then,PN+EN were taken until the patients situations were stable.After completely recovering,EN was taken. Results:The mechanical ventilation time of these patients was 98~557 hours (mean 193±117 hours).There were 25 cases of postoperative death.There were 74.19% survivalcases turned off their mechanical ventilation successfully in first time.The complications of the nutrutionla support were hyperglycemia in 19 cases,hyperlipemia in 5 cases,and hyperbilirubinemia in 15 cases,but no intravenous catheter infection cases. Conclusions:The nutrional support is helpful to correct the metabolic disturbance,supply calorie and raise survival rate.The nutritional support should take the reasonable individual plan.The nutritional support by stages can decrease the complications of TPN,so it is an economical and effective method.
, 百拇医药
    Key words: Post heart operation; Mechanical ventilation; Nutritional support

    Bioelectrical impedance assessment of nutritional status

    in abdominal tumor patients before and after operation

    MIAO Gang, QIAO Jiang-chun,SUN Jian-hua

    (Department of General Surgery,Beijing Hospital,Beijing 100730,China)

    Abstract: Objectives:To assess the utility of bioelectircal impedance analysis(BIA) in determining nutritional status in abdominal tumor patients preceding and following operation. Methods:Twenty-four abdominal tumor patients were selected and the values of resistance and reactance were measured preceding and the fifth day following operation by BIA.The values of BCM,FAT,and TBW which were worked out through RJL computer system were compared with the changes of albumin and weight. Results: Prominent difference was seen in the decline of BCM following operation and the same outcome appeared in albumin,FAT,TBW,and weight. Conclusions:Determination of nutritional status changes in abdominal tumor patients preceding and following operation by BIA represents a feasible method.
, http://www.100md.com
    Key words: Bioelectrical impedance; Body cell mass; Nutrition; Abdominal tumor

    Lipid peroxidation of intravenous lipid emulsions and DNA damage

    WU Guo-hao1,WU Zhao-han1,Jorgen Nordenstrom2

    (1.Department of Surgery,Zhongshan Hospital,Shanghai Medical University,Shanghai 200032,China;2.Departments of Surgery,Huddinge University Hospital,Karolinska Institute,Sweden)
, http://www.100md.com
    Abstract: Objectives:Lipid emulsions used in parenteral nutrition are prone to peroxidation that may be an important feature of oxygen-associated tissue damage.In the present study,we determine whether lipid emulsions increase lipid peroxidation in vivo,and evaluate endogenous oxidative damage to DNA in healthy subjects while receiving intravenous lipid emulsions. Methods:Twenty-two healthy subjects were studied on two occasions at an interval of 2 weeks.Intralipid and Vasolipid were infused for 4 hours at a rate of 0.15 g TG/h,blood samples were taken before and during lipid infusion.We used a new colorimetric assay to measure the end products of lipid peroxidation,HPLC was performed to measure plasma concentration of α-tocopherol;the urinary concentration of 8-Hydroxyguanine(8-OHGua) was measured by HPLC and isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Results:The plasma MDA and 4-hydroxyalkenal increased significantly after the infusion of lipid emulsions;the infusion lipid emulsions for 4 hours didnt result in a marked changes of plasma α-tocopherol and 8-hydroxyguanine levels. Conclusions:Lipid peroxidation increased after the infusion of lipid emulsions.The infusion lipid emulsions for 4 hours did not result in oxidative DNA damage and didnt influence the plasma α-tocopherol levels.
, http://www.100md.com
    Key words: Lipid emulsion; DNA damage; α-tocopherol

    The study of protecting effect of selenium on

    hepatic cells in obstructive jaundice

    JIA Wei-dong,LI Yong-shan

    (Department of General Surgery,Anhui Province Hospital,Hefei 230001,China)

    Abstract: Objectives:To investigate the protecting effect of selenium on hepatic cells in obstructive jaundice. Methods:The animal models of obstructive jaundice were made with Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats.The change of liver function and hepatocellular ultrastructure was observed in rats fed with selenium by the biochemical detection and electron microscope. Results:Selenium could decrease the SGPT,total bilirubin(TB) and direct bilirubin(DB) in rats with obstructive jaundice and the hepatocellular ultrastructure got an obsvious improvement. Conclusions:The selenium is a protective agent for liver cell in obstructive jaundice.
, 百拇医药
    Key words: Selenium; Obstructive jaundice; Liver function; Ultrastructure

    Metabolism and application of short chain fatty acids in intestinal surgery

    XU Qin

    (Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of

    Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029,China)

    Abstract: Short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) are orgnic fatty acids.They are fermentation end products of colonic bacterial polysaccharidase degradation of dietary fiber and undigested starch,mainly as acetate,propionate and butyrate.SCFAs are important orgnic acid anions in colonic lumen,rapidly absorbed into intestinal epithelium,coupled to salt and water absorption.As the preferred metabolic fuel for the colonic mucosa,SCFAs produce enterotrophic effects including the following:enhanced sodium absorption,increased colonocyte proliferation and mucosal growth,metabolic energy production,enhanced colonic blood flow and increased gastrointestinal hormone production.In the experimental and clinical studies,SCFAs could be provided by enemas,autegrade perfusion through a catheter into the distal ileum,administration of a fermentable non-absorbable carbohydrate source or parenteral infusion.The prospective applicatoins of SCFAs in intestinal surgery include colonic anastomosis,postcolostomy diversion colitis,short-bowel syndrome,TPN-induced bowel disfunction,ulcerative colitis,pouchitis following total proctocolectomy and caecectomy.
, http://www.100md.com
    Key words: SCFA; Intestinal surgery

    Early postoperative enteral nutrition support

    JI Fu

    (Department of Surgery,the Red Cross Hospital of Kunshang,Jiangshu Province,Kunshang 215300,China)

    Abstract: The application of enteral nutrition is attracting more and more attention from clinical doctors.Supplying intestines directly with nutrients is not only meeting the nutritious requirements from human bodies but also keeping the integrity of intestines.This is of significant importance to the recovery of patients after severe trauma or operations,and the reduction in the occurance of postoperation infective complications.When to start enteral nutrition and how to choose ideal enteral nutrition relate to the effects of nutrition enteral.This article summarizes the feasibility,starting time,medicine choice and feeding way,and effects on metabolism of early postoperative enteral nutrition.
, 百拇医药
    Key words:Enteral nutrition support; Early postoperative

    Parenteral nutrition and tumor growth

    WANG Lian,LI Bao-yi

    (Department of General Surgery,the Center Hospital of Baotou City,Baotou 014040,China)

    Abstract: Because of the cancer patients have alterative degree of cachexia,the patients are disable to endure the operation,chemical and radiation treatment.The clinical treatment has some difficult problem.The total parenteral nutrition(TPN) has been shown effects in the clinical application.This article reviewed the nutrition state,metabolism alteration of cancer patients,including energy,protein,carbohydrate and lipid metabolism,and application of TPN in cancer patients.
, 百拇医药
    Key words: Parenteral nutrition; Tumor growth

    The role of selenium in nutritional support and research progress

    QIN Huan-long

    (Department of Surgery,Shanghai Sixth's People's Hospital,Shanghai 200233,China)

    Abstract: The article reviewed the physiological role of selenium,clinical symptoms of deficiency selenium,the relationship between varied diseases and selenium metabolism,and the role of the nutritional support and the attention of infusing selenium.We evaluated the role of selenium in nutritional support.
, http://www.100md.com
    Key words: Selenium; Nutritional support; Disease

    The use of rhGH and nutritional support in surgery

    CHAI Xiao-min

    (Department of General Surgery,Nanjing General Hospital of PLA,Nanjing 210002,China)

    Abstract: This review is about the use of recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH) in surgical field in recent years.It is mainly about the effect of rhGH on protein anabolism,wound healing and anti-inflammatory reaction when used with nutritional therapy in severe ill patients and its possible mechanism.

    Key words: Growth hormone; Nutritional support, 百拇医药