系列研究述评
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河南医科大学学报000301 以吴逸明教授为首的研究组，多年来一直从事职业肿瘤的研究，特别是对有关多环芳烃类引起肺癌的特点、致癌作用机制以及对职业性肺癌早期诊断和预防、治疗的研究。国际上许多著名的肿瘤基础、临床研究者都认为，集中力量从研究职业肿瘤入手，是进行恶性肿瘤研究并解决防治问题的突破口，因为只有职业肿瘤的病因比较明确，相对来讲易于攻破。因此，吴教授坚持、锲而不舍地抓住这一方向进行深入系统的研究，是非常正确的。
近年来，吴教授所领导的研究组，根据肿瘤发生的多阶段、多靶点和多基因学说的发展，又做了一系列的研究。即在既往所做动物实验的基础上，对人类肺癌组织和癌前病变组织，应用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)技术，分析了肺癌组织K-ras和P16基因突变；运用免疫组化法探讨了cJun，cFos在肺癌组织中的表达水平，并根据其阳性表达率的不同，试图解决术前预测肿瘤类型的问题；同时还以血清中的四项肿瘤标志物(CEA、CA125、胃泌素、NSE)联合检测，并利用数学模式识别技术进行分类，获得了符合率高于80%的临床肿瘤的分型。此外，以煤焦沥青气管灌注诱发大鼠肺癌模型，用改良的TRAP银染法测定其肺组织中端粒酶活性，表明此法有较好的特异性及敏感性，今后有可能利用本法作为对职业性肺癌进行早期诊断的一项指标。在另外的动物实验中，对瘤鼠的血清多胺反相高效液相色谱(PR-HPLC)分析，证明瘤鼠的血清精胺和精脒水平，均明显高于正常对照及未出现肿瘤的动物，表明此方法也可能对诊断肿瘤有用。
, 百拇医药
对焦炉工人及正常对照者两组人群，检测了其血清中的P21和外周血淋巴细胞的SCE，结果表明：焦炉工的P21和SCE均高于对照组，而且炉顶工也明显高于其它工种。对这些职业性肿瘤高发人群(沥青工、焦炉工)，用多因素聚类分析和逐步判别法，从细胞水平和分子水平的变化及其它好发因素进行了分类，并用P21和SCE建立了判别函数，以数学模型对职业人群中的个体作出未来是否有患肺癌可能的科学预测，无疑是向肿瘤预防方向迈出了新的一步。以前，吴教授等曾观察到大蒜对煤焦沥青诱发的小鼠肺癌有一定干预和保护作用。在此基础上，本次以某厂焦炉工为对象，采用血清唾液酸(SA)、过氧化脂质(LPO)和全血GSH-PX为指标，观察大蒜对生物膜损伤的保护作用，以酸性α-醛酸酶(ANAE)和E花环试验(Et%和Ea%)为指标，观察其对细胞免疫功能的影响。结果服大蒜粉后SA、LPO降低幅度均大于对照组，而GSH-PX则呈上升趋势。表明天然食品的大蒜粉有一定的预防职业性致癌因素所引起的化学损伤的作用。象这样有价值的人群实验是值得进一步深入研究并加以推广的。
上述研究，无论是利用更为先进的如用高效毛细管电泳测定方法分离生物材料中的多种蛋白质，还是应用数理统计学方法来预测，只要是对现实职业性肺癌的发病机制、早期诊断以及治疗和预防多方面做出创新性的业绩，都是为切实保护广大接触职业性致癌因素人们的健康做出了重要贡献。这一期望相信吴教授及研究组的同志们一定能在不久的将来予以实现。
, http://www.100md.com
北京医科大学公共卫生学院教授 中华预防医学会名誉会长：刘世杰
Review of serial studies
The research group led by Professor Wu Yiming has been engaged in the research of professional tumor for many years, especially engaged in the research of characteristics of lung tumor caused by polyaromatic compounds , carcinogenesis mechanism and the research of early diagnosis of professional lung tumor , prevention and therapy. In the world, many famous researchers engaged in basic and clinical tumor research believed that it was the gap of tumor research, prevention and therapy from researching professional tumor. As only professional tumor pathogenesis was relatively explicit and easy to make breakthrough,it is very correct that Professor Wu has insisted on deeply systematic research of professional tumor for decades.
, http://www.100md.com
In recent years, according to tumor theory of multistage, multitarget and multigene, the research group led by Professor Wu has made a systematic research. On the basis of previously animal experiment, K-ras and p16 gene mutation of lung tumor tissue of human and precancerous pathology were analyzed by using of polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). The expression of cJun and cFos in lung tumor tissue was detected using immunization histochemistry and the type of tumor was classified according to positive rate of expression before operation, and determination of four tumor markers (carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA; arbohydrate antigen 125, CA125; gastrin; neuron-specific enolase, NSE) in serum were combined, and histological type classified by pattern recognition, the total accuracy was above 80% in histological type. Additional, using mouse model of lung tumor induced by coal tar pitch, the modified silver staining method which demanstrated fairly good specifics and sensitivity, was used to detect tolermerase activity that could be used as an early diagnostic index of professional lung tumor in the future. The level of polyamines in serum were analyzed by reverse phase -high performance liquid chromatography and the determination results showed that spermidine and spermine level were higher markedly in tumor mouse serum than those in control group serum and nontumor mouse serum of experiment group, most probably, polyamines was an useful index for diagnosis tumor. P21 in serum and SCE in lymphoblast were higher significantly in coke oven workers group than those in control group and also both P21 and SCE were higher obviously in workers at top furnace than those in other kind of workers. The people who were high risk population of professional tumor , were classified by using of multifactor clustering analysis and step discrimination method according to the changes in cell and molecular and other induced factors. P21 and SCE were used to establish discrimination function which could forecast that if individual in population wonld suffer from lung tumor in the future. K-ras and p16 gene mutation of lung tumor tissue of human and precancerous pathology were analyzed by using of polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). Four tumor markers combined (CEA; CA125; gastrin, NSE) in serum were determined and tumor types were classified by pattern recognition, the total accuracy was above 80% in histological type. The achievement above mentioned is no doubt that it is a new step toward tumor prevention. Previously, Prof. Wu ever observed that garlic had the function of protection and intervention lung tumor induced by coal tar pitch. On the basis of past works, tar oven workers working in a factory used as objects, salic acid(SA) in serum, lipid peroxide(LPO) and GSH-PX in whole blood were used as garlic protection index of biomembrane damage and ANAE(acid-α-naphthyl acetate esterase) and E-garland test were taken for indexes of effecting cell immunization function. Above results showed: after taking garlic powder orally, the decreased range of SA and LPO were larger in experiment group than those in control group, but GSH-PX increased in experiment group. It was proved that garlic powder had prevention function of damage caused by factors of professional carcinogenesis.
, 百拇医药
Above mentioned researches , no matter what separation of six kinds of proteins by high performance capillary electrophoresis or forecast method of mathematics statistics, which were creative outstanding achievement on pathology mechanism, early diagnosis, therapy and prevention, were important contribution to health of human who were exposed to carcinogenesis factors. It is believed that Professor Wu and his colleagues certainly realize their wish in the not far future.
School of Public Health,Beijing Medical University Deputy Chairman of Association of Chinese Preventive Medicine Professor LIU Shijie, http://www.100md.com
单位：
关键词：
河南医科大学学报000301 以吴逸明教授为首的研究组，多年来一直从事职业肿瘤的研究，特别是对有关多环芳烃类引起肺癌的特点、致癌作用机制以及对职业性肺癌早期诊断和预防、治疗的研究。国际上许多著名的肿瘤基础、临床研究者都认为，集中力量从研究职业肿瘤入手，是进行恶性肿瘤研究并解决防治问题的突破口，因为只有职业肿瘤的病因比较明确，相对来讲易于攻破。因此，吴教授坚持、锲而不舍地抓住这一方向进行深入系统的研究，是非常正确的。
近年来，吴教授所领导的研究组，根据肿瘤发生的多阶段、多靶点和多基因学说的发展，又做了一系列的研究。即在既往所做动物实验的基础上，对人类肺癌组织和癌前病变组织，应用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)技术，分析了肺癌组织K-ras和P16基因突变；运用免疫组化法探讨了cJun，cFos在肺癌组织中的表达水平，并根据其阳性表达率的不同，试图解决术前预测肿瘤类型的问题；同时还以血清中的四项肿瘤标志物(CEA、CA125、胃泌素、NSE)联合检测，并利用数学模式识别技术进行分类，获得了符合率高于80%的临床肿瘤的分型。此外，以煤焦沥青气管灌注诱发大鼠肺癌模型，用改良的TRAP银染法测定其肺组织中端粒酶活性，表明此法有较好的特异性及敏感性，今后有可能利用本法作为对职业性肺癌进行早期诊断的一项指标。在另外的动物实验中，对瘤鼠的血清多胺反相高效液相色谱(PR-HPLC)分析，证明瘤鼠的血清精胺和精脒水平，均明显高于正常对照及未出现肿瘤的动物，表明此方法也可能对诊断肿瘤有用。
, 百拇医药
对焦炉工人及正常对照者两组人群，检测了其血清中的P21和外周血淋巴细胞的SCE，结果表明：焦炉工的P21和SCE均高于对照组，而且炉顶工也明显高于其它工种。对这些职业性肿瘤高发人群(沥青工、焦炉工)，用多因素聚类分析和逐步判别法，从细胞水平和分子水平的变化及其它好发因素进行了分类，并用P21和SCE建立了判别函数，以数学模型对职业人群中的个体作出未来是否有患肺癌可能的科学预测，无疑是向肿瘤预防方向迈出了新的一步。以前，吴教授等曾观察到大蒜对煤焦沥青诱发的小鼠肺癌有一定干预和保护作用。在此基础上，本次以某厂焦炉工为对象，采用血清唾液酸(SA)、过氧化脂质(LPO)和全血GSH-PX为指标，观察大蒜对生物膜损伤的保护作用，以酸性α-醛酸酶(ANAE)和E花环试验(Et%和Ea%)为指标，观察其对细胞免疫功能的影响。结果服大蒜粉后SA、LPO降低幅度均大于对照组，而GSH-PX则呈上升趋势。表明天然食品的大蒜粉有一定的预防职业性致癌因素所引起的化学损伤的作用。象这样有价值的人群实验是值得进一步深入研究并加以推广的。
上述研究，无论是利用更为先进的如用高效毛细管电泳测定方法分离生物材料中的多种蛋白质，还是应用数理统计学方法来预测，只要是对现实职业性肺癌的发病机制、早期诊断以及治疗和预防多方面做出创新性的业绩，都是为切实保护广大接触职业性致癌因素人们的健康做出了重要贡献。这一期望相信吴教授及研究组的同志们一定能在不久的将来予以实现。
, http://www.100md.com
北京医科大学公共卫生学院教授 中华预防医学会名誉会长：刘世杰
Review of serial studies
The research group led by Professor Wu Yiming has been engaged in the research of professional tumor for many years, especially engaged in the research of characteristics of lung tumor caused by polyaromatic compounds , carcinogenesis mechanism and the research of early diagnosis of professional lung tumor , prevention and therapy. In the world, many famous researchers engaged in basic and clinical tumor research believed that it was the gap of tumor research, prevention and therapy from researching professional tumor. As only professional tumor pathogenesis was relatively explicit and easy to make breakthrough,it is very correct that Professor Wu has insisted on deeply systematic research of professional tumor for decades.
, http://www.100md.com
In recent years, according to tumor theory of multistage, multitarget and multigene, the research group led by Professor Wu has made a systematic research. On the basis of previously animal experiment, K-ras and p16 gene mutation of lung tumor tissue of human and precancerous pathology were analyzed by using of polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). The expression of cJun and cFos in lung tumor tissue was detected using immunization histochemistry and the type of tumor was classified according to positive rate of expression before operation, and determination of four tumor markers (carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA; arbohydrate antigen 125, CA125; gastrin; neuron-specific enolase, NSE) in serum were combined, and histological type classified by pattern recognition, the total accuracy was above 80% in histological type. Additional, using mouse model of lung tumor induced by coal tar pitch, the modified silver staining method which demanstrated fairly good specifics and sensitivity, was used to detect tolermerase activity that could be used as an early diagnostic index of professional lung tumor in the future. The level of polyamines in serum were analyzed by reverse phase -high performance liquid chromatography and the determination results showed that spermidine and spermine level were higher markedly in tumor mouse serum than those in control group serum and nontumor mouse serum of experiment group, most probably, polyamines was an useful index for diagnosis tumor. P21 in serum and SCE in lymphoblast were higher significantly in coke oven workers group than those in control group and also both P21 and SCE were higher obviously in workers at top furnace than those in other kind of workers. The people who were high risk population of professional tumor , were classified by using of multifactor clustering analysis and step discrimination method according to the changes in cell and molecular and other induced factors. P21 and SCE were used to establish discrimination function which could forecast that if individual in population wonld suffer from lung tumor in the future. K-ras and p16 gene mutation of lung tumor tissue of human and precancerous pathology were analyzed by using of polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). Four tumor markers combined (CEA; CA125; gastrin, NSE) in serum were determined and tumor types were classified by pattern recognition, the total accuracy was above 80% in histological type. The achievement above mentioned is no doubt that it is a new step toward tumor prevention. Previously, Prof. Wu ever observed that garlic had the function of protection and intervention lung tumor induced by coal tar pitch. On the basis of past works, tar oven workers working in a factory used as objects, salic acid(SA) in serum, lipid peroxide(LPO) and GSH-PX in whole blood were used as garlic protection index of biomembrane damage and ANAE(acid-α-naphthyl acetate esterase) and E-garland test were taken for indexes of effecting cell immunization function. Above results showed: after taking garlic powder orally, the decreased range of SA and LPO were larger in experiment group than those in control group, but GSH-PX increased in experiment group. It was proved that garlic powder had prevention function of damage caused by factors of professional carcinogenesis.
, 百拇医药
Above mentioned researches , no matter what separation of six kinds of proteins by high performance capillary electrophoresis or forecast method of mathematics statistics, which were creative outstanding achievement on pathology mechanism, early diagnosis, therapy and prevention, were important contribution to health of human who were exposed to carcinogenesis factors. It is believed that Professor Wu and his colleagues certainly realize their wish in the not far future.
School of Public Health,Beijing Medical University Deputy Chairman of Association of Chinese Preventive Medicine Professor LIU Shijie, http://www.100md.com