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桂花的化学成分研究(1)
http://www.100md.com 2015年2月15日 中国中药杂志 2015年第4期
     [摘要]采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20等多种材料进行分离纯化,通过理化方法和波谱分析进行结构鉴定,从桂花醇提溶液的乙酸乙酯萃取部分,分离并鉴定了32个化合物,分别为 boschniakinic acid(1), ursolaldehyde(2),augustic acid (3),2α,3β,23-三羟基齐墩果-12-烯-28酸(4),5-羟甲基-2-呋喃甲醛(5),异高山黄芩(6),6,7-二羟基香豆素(7),2α-羟基齐墩果酸(8),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(9), D-阿洛醇(10),5,4′-二羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(11),5,7-二羟基色原酮(12),羽扇豆醇(13),柚皮素(14),乙酰氧基齐墩果酸(15),绿原酸(16),山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(17),齐墩果酸(18),山柰酚-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷(19),3′,7-二羟基-4′-甲氧基异黄酮(20),麦角甾-4,6,8(14),22-四烯-3-酮(21),对羟基桂皮酸(22),丁香脂素(23),3,4-二羟基苯乙酮(24),β-谷甾醇(25),对羟基苯乙酸乙酯(26),苯甲酸(27),咖啡酸(28),贝母兰宁(29),对羟基苯乙酸(30),对羟基苯乙酮(31),对羟基苯乙酸甲酯(32)。其中,除化合物2,4~5,8~11,13,15,18,20,25,27外,其余化合物在桂花中均为首次分离。
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    [关键词]桂花;提取;分离;结构鉴定

    Chemical constituents of Osmanthus fragrans

    YIN Wei, SONG Zu-rong, LIU Jin-qi, ZHANG Guo-sheng*

    (Department of Pharmacology, Xin Hua College of Anhui, Hefei 230088, China)

    [Abstract]By Silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and other materials for isolation and purification and by physicochemical methods and spectral analysis for structural identification, 32 compounds were isolated and identified from ethyl acetate portion of alcohol extract of the Osmanthus fragrans. Their structures were identified as boschniakinic acid (1), ursolaldehyde (2), augustic acid (3), arjunolic acid (4), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde (5), isoscutellarein (6), 6, 7-dihydroxycoumarin (7), 2α-hydroxy-oleanolic acid (8), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glu-copyranoside (9), D-allito (10), 5, 4′-dihydroxy-7- methoxyflavone -3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), 5,7-dihydroxychromone (12), lupeol (13), naringenin (14), acetyloleanolic acid (15), chlorogenic acid (16), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (17), oleanolic acid (18), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-galactopyanoside (19), 3′,7-dihydroxy-4′-methoxyisoflavon (20), ergosta-4,6,8(14), 22-tetraen-3-one (21), p-hydroxycinnamic acid (22), syringaresinol (23), 3,4-dihydroxyacetophenone1 (24), β-sitosterol (25), ethyl p-hydroxyphenylacetate (26), benzoic acid (27), caffeic acid (28), coelonin (29), p-hydorxy-phenylacetic acid (30), p-hydroxyacetophenone (31), and methyl-p-hydroxphenylacetate (32). Except for compounds 2, 4, 5, 8-11, 13, 15, 18, 20, 25, and 27, the rest were isolated from the Osmanthus fragrans for the first time.

    [Key words]Osmanthus fragrans; extraction; isolation; structure identification

    doi:10.4268/cjcmm20150420

    桂花Osmanthus fragrans为木犀科Oleaceae木犀属植物,原产于中国西南部。《本草纲目》中记载:桂花籽,味甘、辛,性温,能暖胃、益胃、驱寒。亦有研究报道,桂花具有疏肝理气、祛痰止咳和顺肺开胃的功效[1]。目前,对桂花的研究主要集中在桂花精油方面,而有关其他成分的报道则相对较少[2], 百拇医药(尹伟 宋祖荣 刘金旗 张国升)
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