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黄连属部分药用植物遗传多样性与亲缘关系的SCoT分析(1)
http://www.100md.com 2017年2月1日 《中国中药杂志》 2017年第3期
     [摘要]采用SCoT分子标记分析4种黄连属药用植物的遗传多样性和亲缘关系,并用POPGENE计算遗传参数,TREECONW软件进行聚类分析。结果表明:28条引物共检测到434条带,其中多态性条带430条;各遗传参数均表明黄连属药用植物种间的遗传多样性极为丰富(种间PPB=99.1%,Na=1.990 6,Ne=1.329 3,H=0.212 2,I=0.337 8),但种内遗传多样性较低(种内PPB=16.8%,Na=1.168 2,Ne=1.073 0,H=0.043 7,I=0.067 7);遺传分化系数Gst=0.794 0,说明79.4%的遗传变异来源于种间;同种黄连属药用植物的不同植株均聚在一起,证实SCoT分子标记可作为黄连属药用植物亲缘关系研究的有效方法之一。

    [关键词]黄连属; SCoT; 药用植物; 亲缘关系

    [Abstract]The genetic diversity and genetic relationship among four medicinal species of Coptis were detected by the approach of sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SCoT). The associated genetic parameters were calculated by POPGENE1.31. The systematic diagram of genetic relationship were clustered by TREECONW. The results showed that a total of 434 bands were produced by using 28 primers, of which 430 were polymorphic loci. There was a high level of genetic diversity among species (PPB=99.1%,Na=1.990 6,Ne=1.329 3,H=0.212 2,I=0.337 8). However, genetic diversity was lower within species, the average of genetic parameters wasPPB=16.8%,Na=1.168 2, Ne=1.073 0,H=0.043 7,I=0.067 7. The Nei′s genetic differentiation coefficient was 0.794 0, that indicated that most of the genetic variation existed among species. By clustering analysis, different individuals gathered in the same group. The results confirmed that SCoT marker can be used as one of the effective methods to reveal the genetic diversity and relationship among medicinal species of Coptis.
, 百拇医药
    [Key words]SCoT; Coptis; medicinal plant; genetic relationship

    黄连为名贵常用中药之一,始载于《神农本草经》,在我国已有2 000多年的药用历史,具有清热燥湿,泻火解毒的功效。我国分布的黄连属植物中黄连Coptis chinensis Franch.、三角叶黄连C. deltoidea C.Y.Cheng et Hsiao.及云南黄连C. teetoides C.Y.Cheng.是《中国药典》各版本收录药材黄连的基原植物 [2]。此外,分布于四川峨眉、雅安与洪雅地区的峨嵋野连C. omeiemsis (Chen) C.Y.Cheng.、西藏南部昌都地区的西藏黄连C. teeta Wall.及四川马边一带的线萼黄连C. linearisepala T.Z.Wang et C.K.hsieh.等多种栽培或野生黄连属植物的根茎作为药用。《日本药局方》除收载了《中国药典》收录药材黄连的基原植物外,还收载了日本黄连C.japonica Makino.。因此,理清黄连属法定用种及地方用种的亲缘关系,准确进行基原鉴别对确保黄连的临床用药安全具有重要意义。
, 百拇医药
    黄连属药用植物亲缘关系的研究及鉴别早期主要侧重于外部形态特征[1]、数量分类[2]及核型研究[3-4]。近年来,将分子标记技术应用于黄连属药用植物遗传多样性与亲缘关系的研究报道逐渐增多。本文以黄连属的4种药用植物为研究对象,采用SCoT(sequence-related amplified polymorphism,相关序列扩增多态性标记)分子标记技术[5]研究黄连属药用植物种间的遗传特征,探讨物种间的亲缘关系,为黄连属药用植物的鉴定建立新方法,为形态分类提供分子水平的依据。

    1 材料和方法

    1.1 供试黄连 供试的黄连属4种药用植物见表1,其中黄连为长期人工栽培种,峨眉黄连与三角叶黄连为就地保护抚育与栽培,日本黄连为引进栽培。采集植株的幼嫩叶片洗净晾干后,放入装有足量硅胶的自封袋快速干燥。回到实验室后,取出叶片提取基因组DNA。每种药用植物均采集24株。, 百拇医药(陈大霞 王钰 张雪 潘媛 李隆云)
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