[摘要] 目的 分析长宁区适龄儿童在接种1剂水痘疫苗1年后再次接种1剂国产水痘减毒活疫苗(水痘疫苗)的血清抗体水平变化。方法 以长宁区曾经接种过1剂水痘疫苗的1～3岁儿童为观察对象，共计入组206人。间隔1年对观察对象接种第2剂次水痘疫苗，于接种疫苗前和接种第2剂次后35～42天采集静脉血，用膜免疫荧光法(FAMA)进行血清水痘抗体水平检测，比较第2剂水痘疫苗接种前后抗体水平的差异。结果 本次研究中，比较观察对象在接种第2剂水痘疫苗前后的血清水痘抗体滴度情况，免前的抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)为1：11.90，免后的GMT为1：71.04，后者的抗体水平明显高于前者，差异有统计学意义(t=18.1，P<0.001)。抗体增长≥4倍者比例为82.52%。结论 研究对象中，间隔1年第2剂水痘疫苗接种能有效的提高受种者血液中水痘抗体滴度。

    [关键词] 水痘-带状疱疹病毒、预防接种、水痘抗体滴度、第二针疫苗

    [Abstract] Objective To analyze the changes of serum antibody levels of children who received the second dose of varicella vaccine vaccination 1 year after the first dose in Changning District. Methods Two hundreds and six children aged from 1 to 3 years who had received 1 dose of varicella vaccine in Changning District were included in these observation. They received the second dose of varicella vaccine one year after the first dose. Their venous blood was collecting before vaccination and 35 to 42 days after the second dose and the varicella antibody level was tested through Fluorescent Antibody to Membrane Antigen(FAMA) assay ......