男性首发精神分裂症患者配偶的心理状况分析(1)
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[摘要]目的 探讨男性首发精神分裂症患者配偶(以下简称患者配偶)焦虑抑郁和自尊状况及心理干预对其的影响。方法 采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和自尊量表(SES)对76例患者配偶进行问卷调查,随机抽取30名患者配偶进行深入访谈并逐步分析。根据调查分析存在的心理问题,进行为期4周的心理干预,然后再测评SDS、SAS和SES,并与干预前比较。结果 干预前后比较,SDS和SAS评分下降,SES评分上升,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 男性首发精神分裂症患者配偶存在多种内心体验而表现出焦虑、抑郁和自卑,心理干预可改善男性首发精神分裂症患者配偶焦虑、抑郁和自卑。
[关键词] 男性首发精神分裂症;配偶;焦虑抑郁;自卑;心理干预
[中图分类号] R395.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号]
State of anxiety ,depression and self-respect on the spouses of male patients with first-episode schizophrenia
YANG zhong-ming,ZHANG en,KAI ming-hui,ZHU ming.
Wuhu 4th People’s Hospital,Wuhu 241002, China
[Abstract]Objective To investigate the state of anxiety,depression and self-respect on the spouses of male patients with first-episode schizophrenia and the influence of mental intervention on them. Methods 76 spouses of male patients were investigated using the Self Depression Scale, the Self Anxiety Scale and the Self Esteem Scale, 30 cases of them were selected randomly , interviewed thoroughly and analyzed progressively. Mental intervention for 4 weeks aimed to mental conditions after investigation and analysis, SDS、SAS and SES were assessed again and compared to that before intervention. Results After mental intervention, the scores of SDS and SAS were significantly lower than before, while the score of SES were significantly higher than before. Conclusion The spouses of male patients with first-episode schizophrenia underwent various experiences such as anxiety ,depression and self-abasement , mental intervention can enhance their mental condition .
[Key Words] Male first-episode schizophrenia;spouses;anxiety anddepression;self-abasement;mental intervention
国内对长期照顾精神分裂症患者的家属的心理状况研究较多[1~5],但单独对首发男性精神分裂症患者配偶的心理状况研究较少。本研究运用抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表(SDS 、SAS)[6]和自尊量表(SES)[7]对男性首发精神分裂症患者配偶的负性情绪进行调查,利用现象学研究方法对部分患者配偶进行深入访谈,尝试探索引起负性情绪的内在原因和外部关系,以便更好地进行心理干预并评价效果。
1资料与方法
1.1临床资料均为2008年1月～2009年6月在我院住院的首发男性精神分裂症患者的配偶共76名,按患者配偶居住地分为农村组36名和城市组40名。农村组:年龄21～40岁,平均(28.14±4.34)岁;文化程度初中(含初中) 以下25名,初中以上11名。城市组:年龄25岁～42岁,平均(29.95±3.82)岁;文化程度初中(含初中)以下12名,初中以上28名。两组文化程度差异显著(P<0.01)。
1.2 治疗方法 心理量表及心理干预SDS、SAS各20项,以评分≥50分评为有抑郁和有焦虑; SES共10题,分值越高自信心越强,自尊程度越高 ......
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