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上海某镇60岁以上老年人体检结果分析(1)
http://www.100md.com 2018年2月5日 《上海医药》 2018年第4期
     摘 要 目的:了解上海嘉定区外冈镇60岁以上老年人的健康状况。方法:2016年对该镇8 583名60岁以上老年人进行体检,其中男性3 823名,平均年龄为(70.44±7.43)岁;女性4 760名,平均年龄(70.83±7.75)岁。体检内容包括体重指数(BMI)、血压、心电图、空腹血糖、血脂、尿酸。结果:男性和女性的BMI超标、血压升高、心电图异常、血糖升高、血脂异常、高尿酸的检出率分别为57.81%、39.59%、52.71%、15.23%、32.24%、20.19%和60.02%、43.32%、48.18%、13.35%、52.13%、20.14%。结论:嘉定区外冈镇老年人群中BMI超标、心电图异常、血压升高、血脂异常的检出率较高,应根据当地老年人群疾病的分布情况,开展有针对性的预防和诊疗措施。

    关键词 60岁以上老年人;体检结果;分析

    中圖分类号:R194.3 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2018)04-0051-04

    Analysis of physical examination results of the elderly people over 60 years old in Waigang Community of Jiading District, Shanghai

    JIAO Jie

    (Outpatient Department of Waigang Community Health Service Center of Jiading District, Shanghai 201806, China)

    ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the health status of the elderly people over 60 years old in Waigang Community of Jiading District, Shanghai. Methods: In 2016, 8 583 elderly people over 60 years old in the community were examined, among them there were 3 823 males, with an average age of (70.44±7.43) years, and 4 760 females, with an average age of (70.83±7.75) years. The physical examination included body mass index(BMI), blood pressure, ECG, fasting blood glucose, blood lipids and uric acid. Results: The detection rates of BMI exceeding the standard, high blood pressure, abnormal electrocardiogram, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and high uric acid were 57.81%, 39.59%, 52.71%, 15.23%, 32.24%, 20.19% and 60.02%, 43.32%, 48.18%, 13.35%, 52.13%, 20.14% in the male and female, respectively. Conclusion: In Waigang Community of Jiading District, the detection rates of BMI, abnormal ECG, blood pressure and dyslipidemia are higher in the elderly population and the targeted prevention and treatment measures should be carried out according to the distribution of diseases among the elderly population in the local area.

    KEY WORDS elderly people over 60 years old; physical examination results; analysis

    随着我国人口老龄化日趋明显,慢性病发病率不断上升,老年人的健康状况显得尤为重要,为老人提供更有针对性的医疗卫生服务,已成为社区卫生工作的重中之重。本研究旨在通过对上海市嘉定区外冈镇60周岁以上常住居民的体检,了解该镇老年人群健康问题,为开展社区卫生服务提供参考和依据。

    1 对象和方法

    1.1 研究对象

    在居民自愿参与的原则下,纳入的研究对象须符合下列条件:(1)外冈镇60周岁以上常住居民;(2)参加本市各类基本医疗保险和基本医疗保障;(3)与辖区家庭医生建立契约关系。共纳入8 583名60岁以上老年人,其中男性3 823名,平均年龄为(70.44±7.43)岁,女性4 760名,平均年龄(70.83±7.75)岁。

    1.2 方法

    体重指数(BMI)是通过测量体重和身高计算而得。血压是受检者在室温下静息5~10 min,由经过培训的医务人员进行测定,测量3次取平均值。心电图是受检者取仰卧位,平静呼吸,全身放松,避免肌肉颤抖,由具有资质的医务人员行常规心电图检查并记录结果。采集清晨空腹静脉血2~3 mL,测量血糖、糖化血红蛋白、血脂(总胆固醇、甘油三脂)和尿酸。

    诊断标准:(1)根据卫生部《中国成人超重和肥胖症预防控制指南》推荐的标准,以BMI≥24 kg/ m2为超标[1]。(2)以收缩压(SBP)≥140 mmHg和(或)舒张压(DBP)≥90 mmHg为血压升高[2]。(3)心电图异常以《诊断学》第7版为标准[3]。(4)空腹血糖(FPG)大于6.1 mmol/L为血糖升高,糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)≥6.5%为异常结果[2];(5)总胆固醇(TC)大于5.2 mmol/L和(或)甘油三脂(TG)大于1.7 mmol/L为血脂异常[4];(6)男性尿酸≥417 μmol/L,女性≥357 μmol/L为高尿酸血症[5]。, http://www.100md.com(焦洁)
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