摘要：目的探讨快速静脉补钾及安全护理治疗危重患者低钾血症的可行性。方法我院重症医学科2009年7月~2014年1月共收治98例重症低钾血症患者，在治疗原发病基础上，给予微量泵中心静脉推注1%的氯化钾溶液，速度为1.0~1.5g/h，同时给予安全护理，包括：尿量、动态血钾监测、心电监护、血气分析监测、抢救物品准备及心理干预，回顾性分析98例患者的临床疗效。结果98例中92例血钾于24h内上升至正常值(93.9%)；6例出现反复，但继续接受上述治疗后于48h内纠正；所有患者均未因补钾发生不良反应。结论在保证安全护理条件下给予微量泵静脉快速补钾，疗效好且安全，适合于危重患者低钾血症的治疗。

    关键词：低钾血症，静脉补钾，安全护理，重症

    Clinical Observation and Nursing of Patients with Severe Hypokalemia Rapid Potassium

    MA He-xing

    (Department of Intensive Care Medicine,The First People's Hospital of Yangzhou City,Yangzhou 225000,Jiangsu,China)

    Abstract：ObjectiveTo explore the effect of rapid intravenous supplement of potassium and nursing care on patients with hypokalemia. Methods98 patients with severe hypokalemia received from July 2009 to January 2014 were chosen. Based on the treatment of primary disease, intravenous injection of 1% potassium chloride solution was given by the micro-pump with speed of 1.0~1.5g/h. Besides, nursing care including urine, serum potassium dynamic monitoring, ECG monitor, blood gas analysis and monitoring, rescue items ready and psychological intervention were applied. The clinical efficacy of 98 patients was retrospective analysed. ResultsLevel of serum potassium of 92 cases rised to normal within 24 hours (93.9%) while that of 6 cases repeated which rised to normal within 48 hours after treatment. No patients showed adverse reactions due to potassium supplement. Conclusion In the guarantee of safe nursing care, rapid intravenous supplement of potassium by the micro-pump showed good curative effect and safety, suggesting a promising expectation for severe patients with hypokalemia. ......