我院2017年272例药品不良反应的原因分析和对策研究(1)
摘 要：目的 了解我院药品不良反应(ADR)发生的规律和特点，分析原因，探讨对策，为临床合理用药提供依据。方法 采用回顾性分析方法，对我院2017年上报的272例ADR报告内容进行统计分析。结果 272例ADR报告中，男性142例(52.21%)，女性130例(47.79%)，60歲以上的老年患者ADR发生率较高(38.24%)；引发ADR的药物种类以抗感染药物最高，占26.84%，抗肿瘤药位居第二，为16.18%；ADR涉及的药物给药途径中静脉给药所占比例居首位，为72.06%，其次为口服；ADR以皮肤及附件系统损害最多见(38.24%)，其次是消化系统症状(19.12%)，如恶心、呕吐、腹胀、腹泻等。结论 人口老龄化和药物滥用等导致ADR更易发生，我们需要不断完善现有的药品法律法规，优化ADR上报体系，提高药学服务水平，促进合理用药。
关键词：药品不良反应；上报系统；药学服务；合理用药
中图分类号：R969.3 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.15.040
, http://www.100md.com
文章编号：1006-1959(2018)15-0126-03
Analysis of the Causes and Countermeasures of 272 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions in our Hospital in 2017
WANG Yao-xia，ZUO Yan-hua，WANG Teng，SU Zhi-guo，XIE Yi-ming，YANG Shuo，YU Liang-jian
(Department of Pharmacy，Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University，Qingdao 266003，Shandong，China)
Abstract：Objective To understand the regularity and characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADR)in our hospital， analyze the causes，and explore countermeasures to provide a basis for clinical rational drug use.Methods A retrospective analysis method was used to analyze the contents of 272 ADR reports reported by our hospital in 2017.Results Of the 272 ADR reports，142(52.21%)were males and 130(47.79%)were females.The incidence of ADR was higher in elderly patients over 60 years old(38.24%)；The types of drugs that cause ADR were the highest，accounting for 26.84%，the anti-tumor drug ranked second with 16.18%；the proportion of intravenous drug administration in ADR was 72.06%，followed by oral administration；ADR was most common in skin and accessory system(38.24%)，followed by digestive symptoms(19.12%)，such as nausea，vomiting，bloating，diarrhea，etc.Conclusion ADR is more likely to occur due to population aging and drug abuse.We need to constantly improve existing drug laws and regulations，optimize the ADR reporting system，improve the level of pharmaceutical services，and promote rational drug use.
, http://www.100md.com
Key words：Adverse drug reactions；Reporting system；Pharmaceutical services；Rational use of drugs
药物的作用具有两重性，即治疗作用和不良反应。药物不良反应(adverse drug reaction，ADR)是指合格药品在正常用法、用量下出现的与用药目的无关的或意外的有害反应[1]。随着药品种类的日益增多和人口老龄化等诸多社会问题，ADR发生率也逐年增加。为规范药品不良反应报告和监测，及时、有效控制药品风险，保障公众用药安全，我国自2011年7月1日起施行《药品不良反应报告和监测管理办法》，同时要求药品生产、经营企业和医疗机构建立相应的药品不良反应报告和监测管理制度。现就我院2017年272例药品不良反应报告进行汇总分析，以发现实际监测报告过程中存在的问题，探究原因并寻求对策。
1 研究对象
回顾性研究青岛大学附属医院2017年收集上报的272例ADR报告，应用EXCEL电子表格和手工筛选的方法分别对患者的年龄、性别、引起ADR的药物种类、给药途径和ADR累及的系统及主要临床表现进行统计分析。
2 结果
2.1 ADR患者性别与年龄分布 272例ADR中，患者年龄1～88岁，其中男性142例(52.21%)，女性130例(47.79%)，60岁以上的老年患者ADR发生率较高(38.24%)，见表1。, http://www.100md.com(王耀霞 左艳华 王腾 苏治国 谢宜名 杨硕 于良健)
关键词：药品不良反应；上报系统；药学服务；合理用药
中图分类号：R969.3 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.15.040
, http://www.100md.com
文章编号：1006-1959(2018)15-0126-03
Analysis of the Causes and Countermeasures of 272 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions in our Hospital in 2017
WANG Yao-xia，ZUO Yan-hua，WANG Teng，SU Zhi-guo，XIE Yi-ming，YANG Shuo，YU Liang-jian
(Department of Pharmacy，Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University，Qingdao 266003，Shandong，China)
Abstract：Objective To understand the regularity and characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADR)in our hospital， analyze the causes，and explore countermeasures to provide a basis for clinical rational drug use.Methods A retrospective analysis method was used to analyze the contents of 272 ADR reports reported by our hospital in 2017.Results Of the 272 ADR reports，142(52.21%)were males and 130(47.79%)were females.The incidence of ADR was higher in elderly patients over 60 years old(38.24%)；The types of drugs that cause ADR were the highest，accounting for 26.84%，the anti-tumor drug ranked second with 16.18%；the proportion of intravenous drug administration in ADR was 72.06%，followed by oral administration；ADR was most common in skin and accessory system(38.24%)，followed by digestive symptoms(19.12%)，such as nausea，vomiting，bloating，diarrhea，etc.Conclusion ADR is more likely to occur due to population aging and drug abuse.We need to constantly improve existing drug laws and regulations，optimize the ADR reporting system，improve the level of pharmaceutical services，and promote rational drug use.
, http://www.100md.com
Key words：Adverse drug reactions；Reporting system；Pharmaceutical services；Rational use of drugs
药物的作用具有两重性，即治疗作用和不良反应。药物不良反应(adverse drug reaction，ADR)是指合格药品在正常用法、用量下出现的与用药目的无关的或意外的有害反应[1]。随着药品种类的日益增多和人口老龄化等诸多社会问题，ADR发生率也逐年增加。为规范药品不良反应报告和监测，及时、有效控制药品风险，保障公众用药安全，我国自2011年7月1日起施行《药品不良反应报告和监测管理办法》，同时要求药品生产、经营企业和医疗机构建立相应的药品不良反应报告和监测管理制度。现就我院2017年272例药品不良反应报告进行汇总分析，以发现实际监测报告过程中存在的问题，探究原因并寻求对策。
1 研究对象
回顾性研究青岛大学附属医院2017年收集上报的272例ADR报告，应用EXCEL电子表格和手工筛选的方法分别对患者的年龄、性别、引起ADR的药物种类、给药途径和ADR累及的系统及主要临床表现进行统计分析。
2 结果
2.1 ADR患者性别与年龄分布 272例ADR中，患者年龄1～88岁，其中男性142例(52.21%)，女性130例(47.79%)，60岁以上的老年患者ADR发生率较高(38.24%)，见表1。, http://www.100md.com(王耀霞 左艳华 王腾 苏治国 谢宜名 杨硕 于良健)