尹 军 孙淼燕 孙鸿莉 艾丹枫 林 静 郭秀艳

    (1.宁波大学心理学系暨研究所，宁波 315211；2.华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院，上海 200062；3.复旦大学老龄研究院，上海 200433)

    1 Introduction

    Humans profoundly depend on social interactions to collectively act and affiliate with others(Hirschfeld，2001).Successful social interaction requires humans not only to passively react to the behaviors of others but also to predict and anticipate these behaviors.Evidently，people are able to generate appropriate predictions of an individual’s behaviors by acquiring knowledge of this particular individual(Blakemore &Decety，2001).This is knowledge of their beliefs，mental states，preferences，and traits underlying the observed behaviors，which can be situationally inferred from perceived scenes or generated based on previous experiences(Baker et al.，2009；Koster-Hale &Saxe，2013；Kruse &Degner，2021).However，it is overwhelming to accumulate individual-specific knowledge for each individual to predict behaviors，and sometimes，we lack this type of knowledge(Bodenhausen et al.，2012).Moreover，making predictions based on individualized information is a cognitively demanding process in a complex and fast-paced social world(Apperly&Butterfill 2009；Schneider et al. ......