两种托槽的脱落率及其影响牙周健康的对比研究(1)
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[摘要]目的：比较自锁托槽与MBT传统托槽矫治器脱落率及其对牙周健康的影响。方法：选取13～18岁正畸患者30例，按矫治器类型分为两组：实验组15例，采用Damon3自锁托槽矫治器；对照组15例，采用MBT托槽矫治器。记录6个月内两组托槽的脱落率，并分别检测患者治疗前和治疗6个月的各项牙周指数(PLI、GI和SBI)。结果：两组托槽的脱落率差异无统计学意义。治疗6个月后两组间牙周指数(PLI、GI和SBI)差异无统计学意义。结论：自锁托槽和MBT托槽的脱落率相当。相对于MBT托槽，自锁托槽并非更有利于牙周组织的健康。
[关键词]自锁托槽；MBT托槽；脱落率；牙周健康
[中图分类号]R783 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1008-6455(2012)01-0118-03
Comparison of the rate of bond failure and periodontal condition between self-ligating brackets and conventiornl brackets
YANG Zhen
(Department of Orthodontics Dentistry,the First Affiliated Hospital of Liuzhou Medical College,Liuzhou 545002,Guangxi,China)
Abstract: Objective To compare the rate of bond failure and periodontal condition between the use of self-ligating brackets and conventional brackets. Methods 30 patients(13 to 18 years old)were divided into 2 groups(trial group:15 patients with self-ligating brackets and controlgroup:15 patients with conventional brackets).The rate of bond failure was recorded in both group in six months.Periodontal indices(PLI,GI and SBI) were examined in both groups before and after 6 months of treatment. Results No difference in failure incidence was noted for self-ligating brackets and conventional brackets(P>0.05).No difference was found in the indices recorded between the two bracket cohorts studied. Conclusion Self-ligating brackets did not have an advantage over conventiorml brackets with respect to the rate of bond failure and the periodontal status.
Key words:self-ligating bracket;conventional bracket;failure rate;periodontal health
自锁托槽以其摩擦力小、临床操作方便、节省椅旁操作时间和缩短矫治疗程等优点[1]，得到广大正畸医师的青睐。但在治疗过程中，若托槽发生脱落，复诊时重新粘将会延长疗程。自锁托槽矫治器对牙周健康的影响尚存争议。本研究通过对比自锁托槽与MBT托槽矫治器托槽脱落率及牙周指数，为临床上自锁托槽的选用提供依据。
1 材料和方法
1.1 研究对象：回顾分析我院口腔科自2009年1月～2010年10月正畸治疗患者30例(男13例，女17例)，年龄13～18岁，平均15岁。按矫治器的类型为实验组(15例)和对照组(15例)。实验组：使用Damon3自锁托槽矫治器；对照组：使用MBT托槽矫治器。纳入标准：①所有入选病例均为无先天牙缺失的非拔牙矫治；②牙冠表面釉质完好，无四环素牙，无氟斑牙；③矫治前各项牙周指数在正常值范围内。
1.2 材料：Damon3自锁托槽矫治器(Ormco公司，美国)，MBT金属托槽矫治器(3M Unitek)，光固化复合树脂(Transbond XT, 3M)；37%磷酸酸蚀剂(Scotchbond,3M)。
1.3 托槽粘结方法：常规清洁隔湿牙面，37%磷酸酸蚀剂酸蚀20s，然后冲洗、吹干，涂粘结剂，将Transbond XT置于托槽基底， 调整托槽位置，使托槽底面与牙面均匀接触，压紧托槽，去除多余的复合树脂，光固化灯光照20s。
1.4 检测指标及方法
1.4.1牙周指数
1.4.1.1检测牙位及位点[2]：4颗下切牙的近中唇面、远中唇面及唇面正中。
1.4.1.2检测指标[3]：①菌斑指数(plaque index，PLI) ......
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