不同组织皮瓣在小鼠口腔颌面部软组织缺损中的应用模型分析(1)
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[摘要]目的：探讨不同组织皮瓣在小鼠口腔颌面部软组织缺损中的应用模型与效果。方法：40只小鼠分为观察组与对照组各20只，先建立半侧口腔颌面部组织缺损模型，在修复中，对照组采用的供体为普通的小鼠皮瓣，观察组采用复合组织瓣。结果：经过修复后，对照组有5只在术后发生急性排斥反应，同时3只动物出现血栓，复合组织瓣缺血死亡。观察组只有1只发生急性排斥反应，无血栓并发症发生。观察组的血栓反应和排斥反应发生率都明显少于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组有5只动物食欲不佳后死亡。观察组没有动物因为自身原因而死亡，存活均超过100天。观察组的术后死亡率明显少于对照组(P<0.05)。结论：相对于传统皮瓣，复合组织瓣在小鼠口腔颌面部软组织缺损中的应用可有效降低排斥反应与血栓反应，从而减少死亡情况。
[关键词]动物模型；小鼠；口腔颌面部软组织缺损；复合组织瓣
[中图分类号]R782 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1008-6455(2012)05-0745-02
The applying effects of different organizations flap for oral and maxillofacial soft tissue defects in mice model
LUO Rui,YU Bo,ZHANG Ping,ZHANG Rui-zhi,GONG Zheng-lin
(Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Ankang City Central Hospital,Ankang 725000,Shaanxi,China)
Abstract: Objective To investigate the applying effects of different organizations flap for oral and maxillofacial soft tissue defects in mice model. Methods 40 mice were divided into the observation group and the control group, firstyl we created a hemi- oral and maxillofacial soft tissue defects model,in the repairing, the control group were used the donor flap, and the observation group were used the composite flap. Results After repaired,5 mice were occurred the acute rejection reaction and 3 mice were thrombus, so that were only 1 mice and no mice in the observation group(P<0.05).5 mice died caused by poor appetite in the control group,so that were no mice died in the observation group(P<0.05),survived more than 100 days(P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with traditional flap,composite flap for treating oral and maxillofacial soft tissue defects in mice model can effectively reduce rejection and thrombotic reactions,thereby reduce the death, should be widely applied.
Key words:animal model;mice; oral and maxillofacial soft tissue defects;composite flap
口腔颌面部软组织缺损多伴随周围重要结构的破坏或缺失，易致面部畸形及口腔功能丧失[1]。随着医疗水平的进步、显微外科技术的提高和游离组织瓣移植的开展，目前口腔颌面部软组织的治愈率较高，效果较好。口腔颌面部软组织患者愈后生存时间较长，愈后的5年生存率为60%左右。患者口腔颌面部软组织愈后生活质量越来越高，饮食、说话等功能可基本恢复[2]。不过目前虽然可以应用自体组织移植对缺损组织进行一定程度的修复，但对于严重毁容者，修复非常困难，采用现有的方法难以使患者的容貌恢复正常[3]。本文通过小鼠模型来探讨不同组织皮瓣在小鼠口腔颌面部软组织缺损中的应用效果。
1 资料和方法
1.1 材料来源：本实验所采用的所有动物(40只小鼠)由我院实验动物研究中心提供，体重0.5kg，2～3月龄，由本文研究人员负责饲养。麻醉采用戊巴比妥钠耳缘静脉给药，30mg/kg，每2h追加15mg/kg，直至手术结束。术前采用肌肉注射青霉素钠2000μ/kg预防感染，术后采用同方法预防感染。把上述动物分为观察组与对照组，两组各20只，两组动物模型的体重、月龄、类型，种类等对比无明显差异(P>0.05)。
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