初产妇心理健康状况与社会支持的相关性研究(1)
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[摘要] 目的:了解初产妇心理健康状况与社会支持情况,并探讨两者之间的相关性。方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对125例初产妇进行调查分析。结果:初产妇的躯体化症状、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、恐怖因子分和总均分均明显高于常模,初产妇的客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度评分和社会支持总分均明显低于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);初产妇SCL-90总分与客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度和社会支持总分呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。结论:初产妇心理健康状况较差,所获得的社会支持较少,且两者密切相关,应该重视社会支持系统对改善初产妇心理健康状况的作用,以提高其生活质量。
[关键词] 初产妇;心理健康;社会支持
[中图分类号] R714[文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2010)06(a)-182-02
Relationship between psychological health and social support in primipara
YAN Yuanhui, XIONG Bo
(Yiyang Clinical Institute, Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Yiyang Hunan 413000, China)
[Abstract] Objective: To acknowledge the status of the psychological health and social support in primipara and explore the association between them. Methods: SCL-90 and SSRS were employed to investigate the status of 125 primiparas. Results: The factorial scores of the somatizationg, obsessive-compulive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, photic anxiety, and total SCL-90 score were markedly higher in the primiparas than norms, and the objective, subjective support, support availability and total social support scores were much lower, with significant differences (P<0.01). The SCL-90 score were negatively related to all the social support dimensions (P<0.01). Conclusion: The primipara has poor psychological health, and less social support, both of which prove to be closely associated with. More attention should be laid on the role of the social support system in improving the mental health so as to raise the quality of life of them.
[Key words] Primipara; Psychological health; Social support
分娩对妇女来说是一种较为重大的应激事件,尤其对初产妇而言更容易出现一些精神心理问题,不仅影响产妇的健康,而且还对婴幼儿智力和行为发育产生不良影响。随着生物-心理-社会医学模式的转变和人们健康观念的改变,产妇的社会心理问题越来越受到人们的关注。社会支持是应激与身体健康的中介机制,是促进产妇身心健康的重要资源,良好的社会支持可以有效地缓解初产妇心理压力,有助于促进其身心健康[1]。笔者采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对125例初产妇的心理健康状况和社会支持状况进行调查分析,并与国内常模相比较,旨在探讨初产妇的心理健康状况和社会支持的相关性,为实施有针对性的身心护理干预措施提供参考依据。
1 对象与方法
1.1 对象
调查对象为2008年12月～2009年12月来我院产科分娩的初产妇125例。入选标准:足月自然分娩;单胎;新生儿健康;自愿同意参加本次调查。除外标准:精神疾病和意识障碍;认知障碍;严重妊娠合并症;肝、脑、肾等重要器官病变。
1.2 调查工具
1.2.1 症状自评量表(SCL-90)采用SCL-90[2]对初产妇的心理健康状况进行评估 ......
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