院内综合干预对慢性精神分裂症患者的康复疗效(1)
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[摘要] 目的：探讨院内综合干预对慢性精神分裂症患者的康复疗效。方法：80例慢性精神分裂症患者随机分为研究组和对照组，每组各40例，对所有患者进行为期6个月的对照研究。研究组在药物治疗基础上进行院内综合干预，对照组给予单纯药物治疗。采用阴性症状量表(SANS)、住院精神病人社会功能评定量表(SSPI)和自知力与治疗态度问卷(ITAQ)在治疗前和治疗后对患者进行疗效评定。结果：治疗后研究组SANS总分平均为(48.28±5.70)分，SSPI总分平均为(7.10±5.21)分，ITAQ总分平均为(13.11±5.23)分，各量表评分与对照组及自身治疗前相比均明显降低，差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论：院内综合干预治疗可改善慢性精神分裂症患者阴性症状、促进社会功能及自知力的恢复。
[关键词] 慢性精神分裂症；院内干预；康复疗效；随机对照试验
[中图分类号] R749.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2011)06(c)-028-03
Rehabilitative efficacy of hospital integrated intervention in the treatment of patients with chronic schizophrenia
ZHANG Guihua, LI Shuxiang, DING Lin, ZHANG Zhongmin, ZHAO Zu′an
Beijing Minkang Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
[Abstract] Objective: To explore the rehabilitative efficacy of hospital integrated intervention in the treatment of patients with chronic schizophrenia. Methods: 80 patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly divided into study group and control group (40 cases each group) with a course of 6 months. The patients in study group were given hospital integrated intervention besides drug treatment, while control group were only given drug treatment. All the patients were assessed by the scale for the assessment of negative symptoms (SANS), the scale of social-skills for psychiatric in-patients (SSPI), insight and treatment attitude questionnaire (ITAQ) before and after treatment. Results: After 6 months treatment, average scores of the SANS was (48.28±5.70) score, SSPI was (7.10±5.21) score, ITAQ was (13.11±5.23) score in study group, there were significantly decreased compared with the baseline and the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: The hospital integrated intervention can improve the negative symptoms, social skills and insight of patients with chronic schizophrenia.
[Key words] Chronic schizophrenia; Hospital intervention; Rehabilitative efficacy; Random comparison trails
精神分裂症是精神科最常见、最严重的疾病之一，最终结局一半左右患者出现精神残疾，为社会以及患者和家属带来沉重的负担[1]。而康复治疗是治疗精神分裂症的一项重要治疗方法。尤其系统的、全面的康复治疗将在重塑患者的工作、家庭和社会生活中发挥重要作用[2]。近年来国内外精神卫生工作者采用各种康复治疗改善慢性精神分裂症患者的阴性症状，提高其社会功能，并取得了肯定的疗效。为此笔者对在我院住院的慢性精神分裂症患者实施了为期6个月的综合康复治疗，现报道如下：
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选择2008年1月~2009年12月在我院住院的慢性精神分裂症患者80例。入组标准：①符合中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版(CCMD-3)[3]慢性精神分裂症的诊断标准；②经抗精神病药物足量足疗程治疗病情稳定；③无严重躯体疾病及精神活性物质依赖；④年龄20~50岁；⑤所有患者均服用非典型抗精神病药物利培酮 ......
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