氨溴索不同给药途径治疗新生儿胎粪吸入性肺炎的疗效观察(1)
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[摘要] 目的：观察氨溴索不同给药途径治疗新生儿胎粪吸入性肺炎的临床疗效和安全性。方法：将90例新生儿胎粪吸入性肺炎患儿随机分为治疗组及对照组，每组各45例，两组均采取综合性治疗措施。治疗组加用氨溴索经医用压缩雾化机雾化吸入治疗，每次15 mg，bid，疗程5 d；对照组给予盐酸氨溴索15 mg/(kg·d)加入10%葡萄糖注射液10 ml，bid，静脉滴注，疗程5 d。观察对比两组疗效。结果：治疗组在脉搏血氧饱和度恢复时间、呼吸困难改善时间及平均住院天数上优于对照组，吸痰次数减少(均P<0.05)，观察发现治疗组临床副作用更少。结论：氨溴索雾化治疗新生儿胎粪吸入性肺炎具有更好的疗效，更高的安全性，值得临床推广应用。
[关键词] 氨溴索；雾化吸入；胎粪吸入性肺炎；新生儿
[中图分类号] R722.135 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2011)11(a)-085-02
Observation of curative effect on Ambroxol by two ways in treating meconium aspiration pneumonia of newborn
HUANG Changhong1, FU Hong2
1.Department of NICU, Woman and Children's Hospital in Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China; 2.Department of Pediatrics, the Central Hospital of Jiangjin District in Chongqing City 402260, China
[Abstract] Objective: To observe the effect and safety of Ambroxol in treating meconium aspiration pneumonia of newborn by intravenous injection and aerosol inhalation. Methods: 90 cases of meconium aspiration pneumonia of newborn were randomly divided into treatment group (45 cases) and control group (45 cases). Both groups were given the same routine treatment. The treatment group was administrated with aerosol inhalation of Ambroxol 15 mg twice a day, for 5 days, while the control group was administrated with intravenous injection Ambroxol 15 mg/(kg·d) twice a day, for 5 days. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were observed. Results: The improvement time of pulse oxygen saturation, the time of breathe approach to normal status and hospitalization time were shortened in treatment group, the number of times of sputum aspiration was decreased (all P<0.05). The treatment group had less side effects than the control group. Conclusion: Aerosol inhalation of Ambroxol in treating meconium aspiration pneumonia of newborn is effective, safe and worth popularizing.
[Key words] Ambroxol; Aerosol inhalation; Meconium aspiration pneumonia; Newborn
新生儿胎粪吸入性肺炎是新生儿期的常见病，重症可因急性肺损伤及急性呼吸窘迫综合征死亡。氨溴索作为辅助治疗该病的常规用药，为进一步观察不同给药途径的临床疗效，我院对90例新生儿胎粪吸入性肺炎患儿在综合治疗的基础上分别加用氨溴索静脉注射、雾化吸入两种给药途径治疗，现将结果报道如下：
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
参照《实用新生儿学[1](第3版)》的诊断标准，选择我院2005年12月～2010年12月住院的新生儿胎粪吸入性肺炎90例患者作为研究对象，其中，足月儿58例，早产儿32例。生后1 min Apgar评分4～7分67例，≤3分23例。全部新生儿出生后24 h内入院治疗，出生时羊水胎粪Ⅱ～Ⅲ度污染，生后不久大多即出现呼吸困难、呻吟、发绀、三凹征、双肺湿啰音，胸片有不规则斑片状渗出性改变、局灶性或弥漫性充气过度、节段性肺不张等 ......
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