单叶蔓荆种质资源遗传多态性的RAPD分析(1)
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[摘要] 目的：利用RAPD技术分析野生单叶蔓荆(Vitex trifolia L. var. simplicifolia Cham.)种质资源的遗传多态性及种内遗传差异。方法：本研究以7个不同产区的野生蔓荆为试材，采用RAPD技术对其遗传物质进行分析，结合NTSYS-2.10e软件进行遗传相似系数计算和UPGMA方法聚类分析。结果：10个随机引物共获得88条DNA谱带，其中46条(52.3%)具有多态性；采用CTAB法提取DNA时，先将试材在0.9%的蔗糖溶液中暗培养48 h，有利于提高DNA提取率和纯度。结论：各种质之间均存在一定的遗传差异，与地域关系和主要有效成分的化学差异并不一致，尚需进一步的植物逆境生理和功能基因组学研究来解释这一现象。
[关键词] 单叶蔓荆；遗传多样性；随机扩增多态性
[中图分类号] R949.95 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2011)11(c)-005-03
Analysis on genetic polymorphism in germplasm materials of Vitex trifolia L. var. simplicifolia Cham. by RAPD
SUN Weiyang, LI Jianfang, QIU Jin, XU Lingchuan
School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of TCM, Shandong Province, Ji'nan 250355, China
[Abstract] Objective: To study genetic polymorphism in germplasm materials of wild Vitex trifolia L. var. simplicifolia Cham. and species differences of the genetic by RAPD. Methods: 7 wild germplasms of Vitex trifolia L. var. simplicifolia Cham. from different areaes were analyzed in this study. RAPD was used to analyze the genetic material, and the NTSYS-2.10e software was used to calculate the genetic similarity coefficient, the UPGMA method was used to do the clustering analysis. Results: 88 DNA bands were amplified with 10 primers, 46 of which (52.3%) were polymorphic. Culturing the plant materials in 0.9% sucrose solution in darkness for 48 h before using the CTAB to extract DNA could greatly improve the yield and purity of DNA. Conclusion: There are certain genetic differences in all kinds of quality, which is not accordance to the regional relations and the chemical difference of major effective component. The reason of this phenomenon still needs to be further plant stress physical and functional genomics research to explain.
[Key words] Vitex trifolia L. var. simplicifolia Cham.; Genetic polymorphism; RAPD
单叶蔓荆(Vitex trifolia L.var. simplicifolia Cham.)的干燥成熟果实为我国传统中药材蔓荆子的来源之一，蔓荆子始载于《神农本草经》[1]，在我国已有2 000余年的栽培和药用历史，有疏散风热、清利头目之功效，用于治疗风热感冒、头痛、齿龈肿痛、目赤多泪、目暗不明、头晕目眩等[2]。单叶蔓荆主产于山东、江西等省，而蔓荆子的另外一种药源植物蔓荆(Vitex trifolia L.)则主要分布在广西等地。近年来，随着各地引种栽培活动的频繁以及规范化种植的需要，对蔓荆子种质资源遗传多样性的研究日益受到人们的关注。运用显微鉴别方法、薄层色谱和紫外吸收光谱法可以辨别蔓荆子及其混淆品牡荆子[3] ......
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