Seminar结合PBL模式在毒理学实验教学中的应用与思考(1)
[摘要] 目的 评价Seminar结合基于问题学习(PBL)的教学模式在毒理学实验教学中的应用效果。 方法 2016年12月～2018年1月采用随机抽样的方法将第三军医大学2013级和2014级预防医学及相关专业的学生90名分为三组，每组各30名，分别采用三种不同模式的教学法(传统教学法组、PBL教学法组、Seminar结合PBL教学法组)进行实验教学。采用问卷调查和考试成绩统计分析评估教学效果。 结果 与其他两组学员相比，Seminar结合PBL教学组的学员理论考试成绩和操作实践考试成绩显著升高，教学满意度更高，学习时间显著增加，各种能力(自主学习、独立思考、沟通交流、分析解决)和团队精神显著提高，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。 结论 Seminar结合PBL教学手段不仅提高了毒理学实验教学的质量和学生的考试成绩，而且有助于学生综合素质的全面提升。
[关键词] Seminar教学法；PBL教学法；毒理学；实验教学；教学改革
[中图分类号] G642；R994.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2019)05(a)-0070-04
Application and thought of Seminar combined with PBL teaching mode in teaching of toxicology experiment
LIU Wenbin1 XU Ting2 AO Lin1 LIU Jinyi1 CAO Jia1
1.Institute of Toxicology， College of Preventive Medicine， Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University)， Chongqing 400038， China； 2.Department of Transfusion， Affiliated First Hospital， Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University)， Chongqing 400038， China
[Abstract] Objective To evaluate the application effect of Seminar combined with PBL teaching mode in teaching of Toxicology experiment. Methods From December 2016 to January 2018， 90 students with preventive medicine and related majors from Grade 2013 and Grade 2014 in Third Military Medical University were selected， they were divided into three groups by random sampling method， with 30 students in each group. Three different teaching models (traditional teaching group， PBL group and Seminar combined with PBL group) were used for experimental teaching. Questionnaire and grade statistics were used to analyze teaching effect. Results The scores of theoretical examination and operation practice examination of Seminar combined with PBL teaching group were significantly higher than the other two groups， the teaching satisfaction， academic record， learning time， autonomous learning ability， independent thinking ability， communication ability， analytical and solving ability， team spirit in the Seminar combined with PBL teaching group were significantly better than the other groups， the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Seminar combined with PBL teaching method not only improves the quality of toxicology experiment teaching and students′ examination results， but also contribute to the comprehensive improvement of students′ comprehensive quality.
[Key words] Seminar teaching； PBL teaching； Toxicology； Experimental teaching； Teaching innovation
毒理學是公共卫生和预防医学的基础主干学科，主要研究所有外源因素(物理、化学和生物因素)对生物系统的损害作用、生物学机制、安全性评价/危险性分析[1]。这门学科的目的是研究各种外源化学物、生物毒素及物理因素对机体产生毒性或损害作用的条件和性质，阐明其剂量-反应(效应)关系及中毒机理。因此，该学科也是一门以实验为基础的学科，实验教学在该学科课程中占有极其重要的地位[2]。为了进一步提高学生在毒理学实验课程中的学习兴趣，本研究组打破了传统的教学方式，在现有基于问题学习(problem-based learning，PBL)的教学模式为主的基础上尝试引入Seminar教学法，形成一种全新的教学模式，使之更加有利于培养学生独立学习、独立思考、独立实践的能力，并且全面提高学生创新性思维和综合素质。, http://www.100md.com(刘文斌 徐婷 敖琳)
[关键词] Seminar教学法；PBL教学法；毒理学；实验教学；教学改革
[中图分类号] G642；R994.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2019)05(a)-0070-04
Application and thought of Seminar combined with PBL teaching mode in teaching of toxicology experiment
LIU Wenbin1 XU Ting2 AO Lin1 LIU Jinyi1 CAO Jia1
1.Institute of Toxicology， College of Preventive Medicine， Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University)， Chongqing 400038， China； 2.Department of Transfusion， Affiliated First Hospital， Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University)， Chongqing 400038， China
[Abstract] Objective To evaluate the application effect of Seminar combined with PBL teaching mode in teaching of Toxicology experiment. Methods From December 2016 to January 2018， 90 students with preventive medicine and related majors from Grade 2013 and Grade 2014 in Third Military Medical University were selected， they were divided into three groups by random sampling method， with 30 students in each group. Three different teaching models (traditional teaching group， PBL group and Seminar combined with PBL group) were used for experimental teaching. Questionnaire and grade statistics were used to analyze teaching effect. Results The scores of theoretical examination and operation practice examination of Seminar combined with PBL teaching group were significantly higher than the other two groups， the teaching satisfaction， academic record， learning time， autonomous learning ability， independent thinking ability， communication ability， analytical and solving ability， team spirit in the Seminar combined with PBL teaching group were significantly better than the other groups， the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Seminar combined with PBL teaching method not only improves the quality of toxicology experiment teaching and students′ examination results， but also contribute to the comprehensive improvement of students′ comprehensive quality.
[Key words] Seminar teaching； PBL teaching； Toxicology； Experimental teaching； Teaching innovation
毒理學是公共卫生和预防医学的基础主干学科，主要研究所有外源因素(物理、化学和生物因素)对生物系统的损害作用、生物学机制、安全性评价/危险性分析[1]。这门学科的目的是研究各种外源化学物、生物毒素及物理因素对机体产生毒性或损害作用的条件和性质，阐明其剂量-反应(效应)关系及中毒机理。因此，该学科也是一门以实验为基础的学科，实验教学在该学科课程中占有极其重要的地位[2]。为了进一步提高学生在毒理学实验课程中的学习兴趣，本研究组打破了传统的教学方式，在现有基于问题学习(problem-based learning，PBL)的教学模式为主的基础上尝试引入Seminar教学法，形成一种全新的教学模式，使之更加有利于培养学生独立学习、独立思考、独立实践的能力，并且全面提高学生创新性思维和综合素质。, http://www.100md.com(刘文斌 徐婷 敖琳)