李童斐 秦生辉

    [摘要] 呼吸道上皮细胞在呼吸疾病的发生发展中占有重要的地位，哺乳动物呼吸道上皮表面覆盖有纤毛，纤毛的摆动可以保护呼吸系统免于细菌、病毒以及其他致病因素的损害。因此纤毛摆动频率(CBF)的调控成为许多呼吸疾病发生发展的关键因素，可以用来研究呼吸道炎症、吸烟、感染、呼吸系统肿瘤等多种疾病。体外研究CBF的方法多是采用借助呼吸道上皮细胞培养以及活体呼吸道上皮分离等手段，但呼吸道上皮细胞的原代培养具有杂细胞多、不易分化纤毛等诸多问题。呼吸道上皮细胞的培养模式不断发展，本文简述了呼吸道上皮细胞主要的两种原代培养模式及各自的主要培养方法及改进发展情况，同时介绍并总结了呼吸道上皮细胞纤毛分化的鉴定及其摆动频率的检测，明确了各类培养模式对操作流程、培养周期、尤其是纤毛分化及摆动频率的影响，为在现有培养模式下改进技术得到能够诱导纤毛分化的有效培养方法奠定了基础。

    [关键词] 呼吸道上皮细胞；纤毛摆动频率；培养模式；纤毛分化

    [中图分类号] R56 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2016)03(b)-0040-04

    [Abstract] Respiratory epithelial cell plays an important role in the development of respiratory diseases. The respiratory epithelial surface of mammalian airway were covered with cilia. The beat of the cilia can protect the respiratory system from bacteria， virus and other harmful factors. Therefore， cilia beat frequency (CBF) became a crucial element of regulating the progress of many kinds of respiratory diseases. It can be used to research inflammation， smoke， infection and respiratory tumor. The technologies of respiratory epithelial cell culture and separation of epithelium in vivo were applied to research CBF. These culture methods ......