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137例阴道真菌感染及耐药性分析
http://www.100md.com 2011年4月15日 谭正芳
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     【摘要】 目的 了解女性阴道中真菌感染及耐药情况。方法 将白带常规中涂片镜检真菌阳性患者的阴道分泌物的标本进行培养、鉴定和药敏试验。结果 137份送检标本中,白色假丝酵母菌(84株,61.3%)检出率最高,其次是光滑球拟酵母菌(19株,13.9%),热带假丝酵母菌(15株,10.9%),克柔假丝酵母菌(7株,5.1%),其他真菌(12株,8.8%)。分离菌株对氟胞嘧啶,两性霉素B和伏立康唑的敏感率均>90%,伊曲康唑敏感率为84.7%,氟康唑敏感率为70.8%。结论 女性阴道真菌感染的白色假丝酵母菌为主。氟胞嘧啶,两性霉素B和伏立康唑敏感率较高,氟康唑和伊曲康唑敏感率较低,但仍然有效。

    【关键词】

    真菌感染;假丝酵母菌;抗真菌药;敏感率

    

    Analysis ofvaginal fungal infections and drug resistance in 137 cases

    TAN Zheng-fang, Department of Inspection,The People’s Hospital of,Yongzhou City, Hunan 425000,China

    

    【Abstract】 Objective To understanding the vaginal fungus infection and drug resistance in female. Methods The specimens of patients whosesmear test under microscope were fungus-positive in white vaginal discharge routine, it were cultured, identification and drug susceptibility testing. Results The highest detection rate was Candida albicans (84 isolates, 61.3%) in the 137 samples for inspection. Followed was Candida glabrata(19 isolates, 13.9%),Candida tropicalis(15 isolates,10.9%),Candida krusei(7 isolates,5.1%), and others fungi(12 isolates,8.8%).The isolation-strainsensitivity rate in flucytosine, amphotericin B and voriconazole were all more than 90%.The rate in itraconazole and fluconazole were 84.7% and 70.8%.Conclusion The main source of infection is Candida albicans in female vaginal fungal infection. The isolation-strain sensitivity rate in flucytosine,amphotericin B and voriconazole are high. The rate in itraconazole and fluconazole are lower, but still valid.

    【Key words】

    Fungal infection; Candida albicans; Antifungal drugs; Sensitivity rate

    阴道真菌感染始终困扰着我国妇女,并有反复发作的特点,因此,对阴道分泌物进行真菌培养及药物检测,对指导临床合理用药十分必要。

    1 资料与方法

    1.1 标本来源 137份阴道分泌物标本均为我院2008~2010年白带常规中涂片镜检真菌阳性患者的阴道分泌物标本,所有标本均用科玛嘉真菌显色培养基和法国梅里埃公司的API 20 C AUX鉴定试剂盒鉴定到种。

    1.2 试剂 科玛嘉真菌显色培养基干粉,郑州博赛公司生产;法国梅里埃公司的API 20 C AUX鉴定试剂盒和ATB FUAGUS 3药敏试剂盒。质控菌株为白色假丝酵母菌ATCC90028。

    1.3 方法 标本接种于科玛嘉真菌显色培养基,35℃培养24~48 h,根据菌落颜色初步判断菌种。然后挑取分纯的菌落,接种于API 20 C AUX鉴定板条和ATB FUAGUS 3药敏板条,操作方法参照试剂盒内说明书,药敏结果判读参照美国临床实验室标准化委员会(NCCLS)M-27A的真菌药敏标准[1]读取最低抑菌浓度(MIC)判定分界值。

    2 结果

    2.1 真菌的菌种构成 阴道真菌感染菌种构成比,见表1。

    2.2 药敏试验 分离菌株对氟胞嘧啶、两性霉素B和伏立康唑的敏感率均>90%,伊曲康唑敏感率为84.7%,氟康唑敏感率为70.8%。见表2。

    3 讨论

    阴道真菌感染引起真菌性阴道炎,是由假丝酵母菌引起的一种常见生殖道感染性疾病。约75%妇女一生中至少患有过1次阴道假丝酵母菌病,其中40.0%~50 ......

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