早产儿血电解质变化的临床意义(1)
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【摘要】 目的 探讨早产儿生后24 h与72 h血电解质的变化规律,提高对早产儿电解质平衡的认识,为正确补充电解质提供理论依据。方法 对140例早产儿血清电解质进行分析。结果 140例早产儿中,24 h血清电解质浓度异常88例占 62.86%,其中高钾血症、低钠血症、低氯血症、低钙血症发生率高,而高钾血症及低钙血症发生率最高。72 h血清电解质浓度异常者40例,占 28.86%,其中低钾血症、低钠血症、低氯血症、低钙血症发生率较高,而以低钙血症发生率最高。同时小胎龄组更易发生电解质紊乱。结论 早期新生早产儿易发生低钙、高钾血症而随着日龄的增加即72 h后低钙发生率仍高而高钾转为低钾,并且胎龄越小发生率越高,监测早产儿血清电解质有利于指导治疗。
【关键词】早产儿; 电解质
Clinical significance to variation of serum electrolytes about premature children
FAN Chun-yan,WANG Ling-ling.
Department of Pediatrics,the First Hospital of Zibo,Zibo,Shandong,255200,China
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the 24 hours after birth in preterm children with 72 hours variation of serum electrolytes,to increase awareness of electrolyte balance in premature children,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the right to add electrolyte.Methods 140 cases of premature children serum electrolyte analysis.Results 140 cases of premature children,the 24 hours serum electrolyte concentrations were 88 cases of abnormalities,accounting for 62.86%,of which hyperkalemia,hyponatremia,low chlorine hyperinsulinemia,the high incidence of hypocalcemia and hyperkalemia blood disease and the highest incidence of hypocalcemia.72 hours,the concentration of serum electrolyte abnormalities in 40 patients,accounting for 28.86%,of which hypokalemia,hyponatremia,low chlorine hyperlipidemia,relatively high incidence of hypocalcemia with the highest incidence of hypocalcemia.At the same time a small gestational age group more susceptible to electrolyte imbalance.Conclusion Early neonatal hypocalcemia in preterm children prone,hyperkalemia and as day-old or 72 hours after the increase in the incidence of low calcium is still high and high potassium to low potassium,and the gestational age,the smaller the higher incidence monitoring of serum electrolytes in premature children is conducive to guiding the treatment.
【Key words】Premature children; Electrolyte
随着社会的发展,高龄产妇极高危产妇的增加,早产儿的出生率明显增加,存活率已随着医疗水平的提高也越来越高,由于早产儿体液相对较多,经口吃奶量少,且各系统功能发育不成熟,对水电解质平衡的调节能力差,出生后易发生水电解质平衡的紊乱,严重的电解质紊乱如不能及时纠正,不仅影响治疗效果,甚至危及生命 ......
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