[摘要] 牙齿根尖周组织炎症起源于定植在根管系统内的微生物的致病效应和宿主的自我防御系统。初次治疗根管和再次治疗根管的细菌组分不同。根管治疗后持续存在的根尖周炎症揭示出更为复杂的情况。科学研究表明，这种在最先进的技术进行治疗后依然存在的不理想疗效与根管内外的微生物因素相关。本文旨在对初次根管治疗和根管再治疗病例中微生物存在的不同进行文献综述，以期为临床治疗用药的选择提供一定的理论依据。

    [关键词] 根尖周炎；根管治疗；持续性损害；微生物学

    [中图分类号] R781.3[文献标识码] A[文章编号] 1673-9701(2011)20-21-03

    Investigation of Microorganisms in Infected Root Canals： A Review

    BU Ling

    Department of Oral Medicine， Deyang Stomatological Hospital， Deyang 618000， China

    [Abstract] Apical periodontitis results from pathogenic effects of the microflora in the root canal system and the hosts’ defense system. The compositions of the microorganisms of root canals in primary endodontic treatment and the retreatment cases are different. Persistent apical periodontitis after the primary root canal treatment shows a complex situation. Scientific investigations indicate that the unsatisfactory effect after the primary root canal treatment of the highest technical standard is generally associated with extraradicular and/or intraradicular microbial factors. The aim of this paper is to review the investigations about the difference of microorganisms between the primary infected root canal and the retreatment cases ......