精神科住院患者舒适度相关因素分析(1)
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[摘要] 目的 调查精神科住院患者的舒适情况，分析影响因素。方法 利用舒适状况量表(general comfort questionnaire，GCQ)对在我科室住院的145名精神疾病患者(住院时间>1个月，有部分或完全自知力，能够独立完成填写问卷)的进行问卷调查。结果 本组病例舒适度中处于低度舒适者7例(4.8%)，处于中度舒适者127例(87.6%)，处于高度舒适者11例(7.6%)，平均总体得分(105.67±16.18)。本组患者处于舒适状态，但不同性别、婚姻情况、临床诊断的患者其舒适度不相同，差异有统计学意义，是精神病住院患者其舒适度的影响因素。结论 注重女性对舒适度的需求，在不违反原则的基础上尽可能的满足患者。对不同精神疾病，不同精神症状的患者要采取因人而异的护理和康复措施，尽量动员患者家属等社会支持力量，尤其是妻儿的力量，参与到患者的康复中来。
[关键词] 精神科；住院患者；舒适度
[中图分类号] R473.74 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2011)34-45-02
Analysis of Related Factors of Comfort Degrees in Psychiatric Department Inpatients
ZHU Yonghua
Qujiang Hospital of Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Zhejiang University, Quzhou City, Zhejiang Province，Quzhou 324000，China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the comfort degrees in psychiatric department inpatients, and analyze the influencing factors. Methods Questionnaire survey were conducted among 145 psychiatric patients (whose hospitalization were over one month, with partial or complete insight, completing the questionnaire independently) by general comfort questionnaire(GCQ). Results All of 7 cases were in low comfort degrees, 127 cases were in middle comfort degrees and 11 cases were in high comfort degrees. The average scores were (105.67±16.18). The most patients were in comfortable state. The differences of sex, marital status, clinical diagnosis among psychiatric inpatients were the influencing factors of comfort degrees, and for these differences, statistical significant were observed. Conclusion Pay attention to the demands for comfort degrees of female, and meet the patient's needs as much as possible. Different nursing and rehabilitation measures were given patients with different mental diseases and symptoms.It's important that patients' families participated in the rehabilitation.
[Key words] Psychiatric department；Inpatients；Comfort degrees
舒适是指患者在其环境中保持一种平静安宁的精神状态，是一种不适缓解或超脱不适的状态，是一种自我满足的感觉，是身心健康、没有疼痛、没有焦虑的轻松自在的感觉。精神疾病患者大多数对自己的精神状态没有自知力，社会能力退缩，情感淡漠，兴趣、爱好减少，思维和意志减退等，都会使他们陷入无助的状态。住院期间的舒适度更应该得到满足，同时病人对舒适的需求存在差异，舒适护理应根据病人的不同需求提供，以提高病人的生活质量，并使病人早日康复，同时也是提高服务满意度的有效途径[1]。本研究旨在调查精神科住院患者舒适度情况，分析影响因素，现报道如下。
1 对象与方法
1.1 研究对象
选取2010年3月～2011年3月于我科室住院的145名患者为研究对象 ......
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