儿童首次热性惊厥危险因素分析及其预防策略(1)
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[摘要] 目的 了解小儿首次热性惊厥(FC)常见危险因素并提出相应预防策略。 方法 设计调查问卷收集病史资料并完善骨碱性磷酸酶(BALP)检查，对照组按年龄配对，组间率的比较采用χ2检验。 结果 256例FC患儿中，<1岁占21.5%，1～3岁占57.0%，>3岁占21.5%；热程24 h内占78.6%，夏秋季发病占65.2%，原发病呼吸道感染和急性肠炎分别占78.5%和18.0%；FC组惊厥家族史、BALP增高的比例、39.1℃以上高热发生率和阴道分娩率显著高于对照组。 结论 FC家族史、6个月至3岁年龄、夏秋季节、39.1℃以上高热、热程24 h内和机体缺钙均为FC的危险因素，对上述因素个体积极退热镇静是预防FC的关键。
[关键词] 儿童；热性惊厥；危险因素；预防
[中图分类号] R720.597 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2012)02-0003-02
Risk factors and prevention strategies on febrile convulsion happened at first time in children
LUO Qiaoer CHEN Sheng LI Zeyi
Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ningbo City Women's and Children's Hospital, Ningbo 315012, China
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the risk factors in children with first febrile seizures and submit the prevention strategies. Methods Questionnaires were designed for collecting the history and clinical manifestation in both the FC group and the age-matched control group and the bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) was detected in every individual in the disease group. χ2 test was used in the study when the rates was compared. Results A total of 256 cases with febrile seizures were enrolled and the rates of individuals not more than 1 year old, between 1 to three years and more than 3 years old were 21.5%, 57.0% and 21.5% respectively. Convulsions were happened within 24 hours of fever duration in 78.6% cases and 65.2% were happen in summer and autumn. There were 78.5% and 18.0% of the FC cases suffered from respiratory tract and digestion tract infection respectively. More individuals with seizure family history, high BALP, and higher temperature than 39.1℃ were found in the case group when compared with the control group. Conclusion The FC family history, ages from 6 months to 3 years, in summer or autumn, temperatures more than 39.1℃, fever within 24 duration and absence of calcium are risk factors bring out FC in children. Abatement of fever and calming down the children with mentioned factors patient are effective ways to prevent FC occurring in children ......
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