综上所述，采用输尿管镜联合结石封堵器治疗输尿管上段结石手术创伤更小，并发症发生率更低，值得推广应用。

    [参考文献]

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    [2] LI T，HE YZ，LI X，et al. The value of ureteral occluder during ureterosopic lithotripsy with holmium laser for the treatment of upper ureteral stone[J]. Journal of Clinical Urology ......