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增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体手术并发症分析(1)
http://www.100md.com 2018年2月5日 《中外医疗》 2018年第4期
     [摘要] 目的 探讨增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变行玻璃体手术的并发症,分析发生原因,提出防治对策。方法 方便选取2016年1月—2017年3月该院眼科46例(49眼)增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变患者为研究对象,患眼均以玻璃体切割术进行治疗。术后随访,统计并发症类型及发生率。结果 玻璃体出血7眼(14.29%);角膜水肿10眼(20.45%);继发高眼压11眼(22.45%);并发性白内障8眼(16.33%);医源性视网膜损伤4眼(8.16%);虹膜红变2眼(4.08%)。结论 玻璃体切割术治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变技术含量高,难度也较大,故术中应加强精细操作,正确处理眼部病变,术后应加强观察及处理,以减少手术并发症,进一步保证治疗效果。

    [关键词] 增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变;玻璃体切割术;并发症;原因;防治

    [中图分类号] R774 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2018)02(a)-0095-03

    Complications of Vitrectomy in Patients with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

    WEI Xing

    Ophthalmology Department, Dafeng People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, 224100 China

    [Abstract] Objective This paper tries to investigate the complications of vitreous surgery in proliferative diabetic retinopathy, analyze the causes and propose prevention and cure measures. Methods A total of 46 patients (49 eyes) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in this hospital from January 2016 to March 2017 were convenient selected and included in this study. All patients were treated with vitrectomy. All patients were followed up, and the type and incidence of complications were statistically analyzed. Results The vitreous body hemorrhage in 7 eyes (14.29%); corneal edema in 10 eyes (20.45%); secondary glaucoma in 11 eyes (22.45%); complicated cataract in 8 eyes (16.33%); iatrogenic retinal injury in 4 eyes (8.16%); rubeosis in 2 eyes (4.08%). Conclusion Vitrectomy for the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, with high technical skills, and greater difficulty, so the fine operation should be strengthened, the correct treatment of ocular lesions, postoperative should be strengthened in the observation and treatment to reduce surgical complications and further ensure the therapeutic effect .

    [Key words] Proliferative diabetic retinopathy; Vitrectomy; Complications; Causes; Prevention and treatment

    糖尿病視网膜病变(DR)属临床常见微血管病变,为糖尿病患者严重并发症,特异性表现为出血斑点、黄斑水肿、动脉瘤、硬性渗出、视网膜内微血管异常(IRMA)等多种眼底改变,可造成严重视力障碍,是我国主要致盲眼病之一[1]。依据有无视网膜新生血管,DR可分为增殖型(PDR)和非增殖型(NPDR)两种。其中,前者有新生血管,可引起纤维增生、视网膜剥离等症,对视力危害更大,需积极干预治疗。玻璃体切割术是临床治疗PDR的重要方法,文献报道早期手术成功率超过85%,对患者视力保留及改善具有重要意义[2]。但受多种因素影响,玻璃体切割治疗PDR术后近远期发生率较高,在很大程度上影响治疗效果。文章现以2016年1月—2017年3月该院眼科46例PDR患者为例,对玻璃体切割手术并发症进行分析和探讨,旨在为提高手术疗效与安全提供参考,现报道如下。

    1 资料与方法

    1.1 一般资料

    方便选取该院眼科46例PDR患者为研究对象,共计患眼49只。纳入标准:①临床检查确诊PDR,诊断符合中华医学会《我国糖尿病视网膜病变临床诊疗指南》(2014年)相关标准;②玻璃体切割手术适应症;③签署知情同意书。排除标准:①玻璃体切割禁忌症;②临床资料不全;③中途退出或失访。入选病例中,男21例(22眼),女25例(27眼),年龄40~65岁,平均(52.7±6.1)岁,I型糖尿病3例(3眼),II型糖尿病43例(46眼),糖尿病病程3~17年,平均(10.6±2.1)年。患眼分期(依据我国现行DR六期标准):IV期10眼, V期13眼,VI期26眼。, http://www.100md.com(魏星)
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