儿童反复呼吸道感染因素分析(1)
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[摘要] 目的:分析儿童反复呼吸道感染(RRTI)的相关因素,为防治儿童RRTI提供科学依据。方法:选择儿童RRTI144例与健康儿童对照,自拟易感因素调查表,设置22个可能与RRTI有关的因素进行调查。先用逐步回归方法筛选出影响较大的因素,然后进行条件定值方差分析。其中81例RRTI儿童为观察组,56例非RRTI儿童为对照组,分别测定免疫功能及血微量元素水平。结果:儿童RRTI的形成主要与胎儿期被动吸烟、可疑哮喘史、药物滥用、护理不当、营养不良及气候因素密切相关,血中IgG和CD3、CD4、CD8及锌、钙、铁三种微量元素明显降低。结论:儿童RRTI的防治应注意上述各项相关因素。
[关键词] 儿童;反复呼吸道感染;相关因素;免疫功能;微量元素
[中图分类号] R725.6 [文献标识码]B [文章编号]1674-4721(2010)04(c)-118-03
Analysis of RRTI susceptible factors in children
LI Yu'e
(Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital in Zaozhuang, Shandong Province, Zaozhuang 277102,China)
[Abstract] Objective: To study the related factors in children's RRTI, in order to provide scientific accordance in preventing and treating it. Methods:144 cases of RRTI were compared with the same number of non-RRTI children and some investigative tables were draw in which there were 22 possible factors related with RRTI and then finished. The greater impacting factors have been selected gradually with regression and then were analyzed with conditional logistic regression. The immune function and microelement of 81 cases RRTI and 56 cases non-RRTI were tested and the consults were analyzed. Results: The main factors for children's RRTI have close relations with passive smoking during pregnancy,suspected asthma,erective care,malnutrition and weather changes.IgG, CD3, CD4, CD8 and 3 microelements such as calcium,zinc and forum in blood obviously low. Conclusion: Attention should be paid to related factors mentioned above in preventing and treating children's RRTI.
[Key words] Children; RRTI; Related susceptible factors; Immune functions; Microelement
反复呼吸道感染(RRTI)是儿童时期的常见病和多发病,其发病机制复杂,与多种综合因素有关。为探讨其发病相关因素,应用条件Logistic回归模型对144例儿童RRTI进行了易感因素的病例对照研究,对81例RRTI患儿进行免疫功能测定,结果报道如下:
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
144例患儿均来自本院门诊或住院患儿,符合儿童反复呼吸道感染诊断标准[1]。其中,男98例,女46例;年龄最大9岁,最小1岁半。对照组根据观察组的年龄、性别选择同期的住院或门诊非呼吸道感染或未达到儿童RRTI诊断标准的儿童70例。两组性别、年龄等方面差异无统计学意义。
1.2 方法
自制儿童RRTI相关因素调查表,由门诊或病房固定人员填写。调查内容包括:母亲生育年龄(C1),胎次(C2),妊娠反应及孕期饮食状况(C3),胎儿期被动吸烟(C4),分娩方式(C5),围生期缺氧史(C6),出生时体重(C7),是否早产(C8),喂养方式(C9),被动吸烟(C10),可疑哮喘史(C11),断奶时间(C12),药物滥用(C13),护理不当(C14),营养不良(C15),佝偻病(C16),添加辅食过晚及偏食(C17),每年上下呼吸道感染次数(C18),贫血(C19),营养不良史(C20),家族中过敏性疾病史(C21),气候因素(C22)等共22种相关因素。
两组患儿中,对观察组中81例RRTI患儿进行免疫功能测定,均取血进行免疫球蛋白(Ig),补体C3,外周血T淋巴细胞亚群测定,血微量元素测定,并与对照组中56例患儿进行比较。
1.3 统计学处理
首先将资料用逐步回归分析法筛选出影响较大的因素,然后进入Logistic回归模型免疫功能测定及微量元素测定,数据用方差分析t检验 ......
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