客观操作的护理评估标准操作规程对老年住院患者不良事件的影响研究(1)
[摘要]目的 探讨建立客观操作的护理评估标准操作规程(SOP)对老年住院患者不良事件的影响研究。方法 选取2015年1月～2016年12月我院收治的160例老年患者作为研究对象，将2015年1～12月收治采用常规护理评估的76例患者设为对照组，2016年1～12月收治采用SOP评估的84例患者设为实验组。观察两组跌倒/坠床、误吸/窒息、用药错误、烫伤、自杀、压疮、意外拔管等不良事件发生率及对护理服务满意度。结果 实验组跌倒/坠床、误吸/窒息、用药错误、烫伤、自杀、压疮、意外拔管等不良事件总发生率明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；而护理服务满意度明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 在老年住院患者中建立SOP能有效降低不良事件发生率，保障老年患者安全，提高医疗服务满意度，不仅是临床护士实践操作标准，也是护理学科发展的需求。
[关键词]护理评估标准；操作规程；老年住院患者；不良事件；满意度
[中图分类号] R473 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2018)6(b)-0185-03
Study on the influence of objective operation standard operating procedure on adverse events of elderly inpatients
ZHONG Li-Ying ZHANG Lin HUA Lian-ying PENG Rui-ying
Department of Outpatient，Beijiao Hospital of Shunde District in Foshan City，Guangdong Province，Foshan 528311，China
[Abstract]Objective To study the effect of establishing standard operating procedure of nursing evaluation (SOP) on adverse events in elderly inpatients.Methods All of 160 elderly patients admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were selected as study subjects.From January to December 2015，76 patients treated with routine nursing evaluation were set up as control group，and from January to December 2016，84 patients treated with SOP were set up as experimental group.The patients in the two groups were observed to fall/fall in bed，inhaled/suffocated by mistake，and mistreated.Incidence of adverse events such as scalding，suicide，pressure sore，accidental extubation and satisfaction with nursing care.Results The total incidence of adverse events such as falling/falling down bed，aspiration/asphyxia，medication error， scalding，suicide，pressure sore and accidental extubation in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05)，and the satisfaction degree of nursing service was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05.Conclusion The establishment of SOP standard for nursing evaluation in elderly inpatients can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse events，ensure the safety of elderly patients， and improve the satisfaction of medical service.Degree is not only the practice standard of clinical nurses，but also the demand of the development of nursing discipline.
[Key words]Nursing evaluation criteria；Operating procedures；Elderly inpatients；Adverse events；Satisfaction
隨着我国人口老龄化步伐的不断加快，老年住院患者人数占总住院患者人数比例呈逐年上升趋势[1]。老年人常有多种慢性疾病共存，受感觉器官退化、记忆力减退、行动迟缓等生理因素和病程迁延、病情复杂等病理因素的双重影响，老年人生活自理能力不断下降甚至丧失，是医院住院人群中较易发生安全事故的高危人群[2]，是护理不良事件发生高危人群。护理不良事件是指与护理相关的损伤，在实施诊疗护理过程，任何可能影响患者的诊疗结果、增加患者痛苦和损伤，甚至可能引发护理纠纷、事故的事件[3]。护理评估是护理程序首要而关键的一环，任何护理技术操作及护理措施的实施都必须从评估开始，只有准确而客观对患者的情况进行评估，才能为护理诊断提供可靠的依据，为护理措施的实施打下良好的基础[4]。目前尚无建立关于护理评估标准操作规程，因此，如何建立基于客观操作的护理评估标准操作规程，提高老年患者在院期间的安全系数，最大限度地预防或减少护理不良事件的发生，为老年患者提供安全、高效、优质的护理服务是医务人员共同探究的热点课题。本研究对老年住院患者建立客观操作的护理评估标准操作规程(SOP)，发现对降低不良事件发生率和提高护理服务满意度有一定的效果，现报道如下。, 百拇医药(钟利映 张林 花莲英 彭瑞英)
[关键词]护理评估标准；操作规程；老年住院患者；不良事件；满意度
[中图分类号] R473 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2018)6(b)-0185-03
Study on the influence of objective operation standard operating procedure on adverse events of elderly inpatients
ZHONG Li-Ying ZHANG Lin HUA Lian-ying PENG Rui-ying
Department of Outpatient，Beijiao Hospital of Shunde District in Foshan City，Guangdong Province，Foshan 528311，China
[Abstract]Objective To study the effect of establishing standard operating procedure of nursing evaluation (SOP) on adverse events in elderly inpatients.Methods All of 160 elderly patients admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were selected as study subjects.From January to December 2015，76 patients treated with routine nursing evaluation were set up as control group，and from January to December 2016，84 patients treated with SOP were set up as experimental group.The patients in the two groups were observed to fall/fall in bed，inhaled/suffocated by mistake，and mistreated.Incidence of adverse events such as scalding，suicide，pressure sore，accidental extubation and satisfaction with nursing care.Results The total incidence of adverse events such as falling/falling down bed，aspiration/asphyxia，medication error， scalding，suicide，pressure sore and accidental extubation in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05)，and the satisfaction degree of nursing service was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05.Conclusion The establishment of SOP standard for nursing evaluation in elderly inpatients can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse events，ensure the safety of elderly patients， and improve the satisfaction of medical service.Degree is not only the practice standard of clinical nurses，but also the demand of the development of nursing discipline.
[Key words]Nursing evaluation criteria；Operating procedures；Elderly inpatients；Adverse events；Satisfaction
隨着我国人口老龄化步伐的不断加快，老年住院患者人数占总住院患者人数比例呈逐年上升趋势[1]。老年人常有多种慢性疾病共存，受感觉器官退化、记忆力减退、行动迟缓等生理因素和病程迁延、病情复杂等病理因素的双重影响，老年人生活自理能力不断下降甚至丧失，是医院住院人群中较易发生安全事故的高危人群[2]，是护理不良事件发生高危人群。护理不良事件是指与护理相关的损伤，在实施诊疗护理过程，任何可能影响患者的诊疗结果、增加患者痛苦和损伤，甚至可能引发护理纠纷、事故的事件[3]。护理评估是护理程序首要而关键的一环，任何护理技术操作及护理措施的实施都必须从评估开始，只有准确而客观对患者的情况进行评估，才能为护理诊断提供可靠的依据，为护理措施的实施打下良好的基础[4]。目前尚无建立关于护理评估标准操作规程，因此，如何建立基于客观操作的护理评估标准操作规程，提高老年患者在院期间的安全系数，最大限度地预防或减少护理不良事件的发生，为老年患者提供安全、高效、优质的护理服务是医务人员共同探究的热点课题。本研究对老年住院患者建立客观操作的护理评估标准操作规程(SOP)，发现对降低不良事件发生率和提高护理服务满意度有一定的效果，现报道如下。, 百拇医药(钟利映 张林 花莲英 彭瑞英)