微小RNA与心脏电重构的研究进展(3)
综上所述，miRNA与电重构关系密切，与心律失常的发病机制紧密相关。电重构是心肌电生理特性重塑的过程，心房电重构与房性心律失常(房速、房颤等)关系密切，心室电重构可产生潜在致命室性心律失常(多形性室速、室颤)。认识电重构的细胞与分子机制对于探明潜在治疗靶标十分重要，miRNA介导的离子通道的变化在心肌电重构过程中发挥重要作用，人类中miRNA数量可能高达20 000种，参与30%的人类基因调控，维持心肌细胞正常的电生理网络需要这些miRNA处于动态平衡，一旦平衡被打破，离子通道蛋白表达改变，就会诱发心律失常的发生。因此，miRNA的分子靶向治疗将成为心律失常领域新的研究方向。
参考文献
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, 百拇医药
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, 百拇医药
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, 百拇医药
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, 百拇医药
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, 百拇医药
[13] Lu Y，Zhang Y，Wang N，et al.Control of experimental atrial fibrillation by microRNA-328[J].Circulation，2010，122(23)：2378-2387.
[14]王坚刚，孟旭，韩杰，等.非瓣膜性心房颤动相关微小RNA的表达[J].中华医学杂志，2012，92(26)：1816-1819.
[15] Carrillo E D，Escobar Y，Gonzrlez G，et a1.Posttranscriptional regulation of the β2-subunit of cardiac L-type Ca2+ channels by MicroRNAs during long-term exposure to isoproterenol in rats[J].J Cardiovasc Pharmacol，201l，58(5)：470-478.
, 百拇医药
[16] Yang B，Lin H，Xiao J，et al.The muscle-specific microRNA miR-l regulates cardiac arrhythmogenic potential by targeting GJAl and KCNJ2[J].Nat Med，2007，13(4)：486.
[17] Luo X，Lin H，Pan Z，et al.Down-regulation of miR-1/miR-133 contributes to re-expression of pacemaker channel genes HCN2 and HCN4 in hypertrophic heart[J].J Biol Chem，2008，283(29)：
20 045-20 052.
(收稿日期：2015-01-15) (本文编辑：陈丹云), 百拇医药(刘长召 王玲 陈文江 陈灿)
参考文献
[1] Lund E，Guttinger S，Calado A，et al.Nuclear export of microRNA precursors[J].Science，2004，303(5654)：95-98.
, 百拇医药
[2] Urakhia M，Tseng Z H.Sudden cardiac death：epidemiology mechanisms and therapy[J].Curr Probl Cardiol，2007，32(9)：501-546.
[3] Girmatsion Z，Biliczki P，Bonauer A，et al.Changes in microRNA-1 expression and IKI up-regulation in human atrial fibrillation[J].Heart Rhythm，2009，6(12)：1802-1809.
[4] Luo X，Pan Z，Xiao J，et a1.Critical role of microRNAs miR-26 and miR-101 in atrial electrical remodeling in experimental atrial fibrillation[J].J Biol Chem，2010，285(38)：29 336-29 347.
, 百拇医药
[5] Du Z，Xu C Q，Slan H，et al.Functional impairment of cardiac transient outward K+ current as a result of abnormally altered cellular environment[J].Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol，2007，34(3)：148-152.
[6] Timofeyev V，He Y，Tuteja D，et al.Cardiac-directed expression of adenylyl cyclase reverses electrical remodeling in cardiomyopathy[J].J Mol Cell Cardiol，2006，41(1)：170-181.
[7] Zhao Y，Ransom J F，Li A，et al.Dysregulation of cardiogenesis，cardiac conduction and cell cycle in mice lacking miRNA-l-2[J].Cell，2007，129(2)：303.
, 百拇医药
[8] Matkovich S J，Wang W，Tu Y，et a1.MicroRNA-133a protects against myocardial fibrosis and modulates electrical repolarization without affecting hypertrophy in pressure-overloaded adult hearts[J].Circ Res，2010，106(1)：166-175.
[9] Xiao J，Luo X，Lin H，et a1.MicroRNA miR-133 represses HERG K+ channel expression contributing to QT prolongation in diabetic hearts[J].J Biol Chem，2007，282(17)：12 363.
[10]王金华，艾静，王宁，等.高糖对培养乳鼠心肌细胞L型钙通道表达的影响[J].哈尔滨医科大学学报，2006，40(2)：96-98.
, 百拇医药
[11] Gellen B，Fernandez-Velasco M，Briec F，et al.Conditional FK-BPl2.6 overexpression in mouse cardiac myocytes pnevents triggered ventricular tachycardia through specific alternations in excitation-contraction coupling [J].Circulation，2008，117(14)：1778-1786.
[12] Terentyev D，Belevych A E，Terentyeva R，et al.miR-1 overexpression enhances Ca2+ release and regulatory subunit B56αand causing CaMKII-dependent hyperphosphorylation of RyR2 [J].Cire Res，2009，104(4)：514-521.
, 百拇医药
[13] Lu Y，Zhang Y，Wang N，et al.Control of experimental atrial fibrillation by microRNA-328[J].Circulation，2010，122(23)：2378-2387.
[14]王坚刚，孟旭，韩杰，等.非瓣膜性心房颤动相关微小RNA的表达[J].中华医学杂志，2012，92(26)：1816-1819.
[15] Carrillo E D，Escobar Y，Gonzrlez G，et a1.Posttranscriptional regulation of the β2-subunit of cardiac L-type Ca2+ channels by MicroRNAs during long-term exposure to isoproterenol in rats[J].J Cardiovasc Pharmacol，201l，58(5)：470-478.
, 百拇医药
[16] Yang B，Lin H，Xiao J，et al.The muscle-specific microRNA miR-l regulates cardiac arrhythmogenic potential by targeting GJAl and KCNJ2[J].Nat Med，2007，13(4)：486.
[17] Luo X，Lin H，Pan Z，et al.Down-regulation of miR-1/miR-133 contributes to re-expression of pacemaker channel genes HCN2 and HCN4 in hypertrophic heart[J].J Biol Chem，2008，283(29)：
20 045-20 052.
(收稿日期：2015-01-15) (本文编辑：陈丹云), 百拇医药(刘长召 王玲 陈文江 陈灿)