83例小儿急性下呼吸道感染的病原学检测及其分析(1)
【摘要】 目的：分析小儿急性下呼吸道感染的病原学的检测结果，为其临床治疗提供重要参考。方法：选取2015年3月-2017年12月本院收治的急性下呼吸道感染患儿83例为研究对象，均取呼吸道分泌物，行病原学鉴定、药敏试验，得出检测结果后进行系统分析。结果：3个月≤患儿年龄<5岁下呼吸道感染病原阳性率为72.58%，高于5岁以上患儿的23.81%，比较差异有统计学意义(字2=15.579，P=0.000)；下呼吸道感染患儿病原菌最为常见的是肺炎克雷伯菌，其次为肺炎链球菌、大肠埃希菌；小儿急性下呼吸道感染临床常用治疗药物主要选择头孢类药物；病毒学检测结果发现，3岁以下的患儿最常见感染病毒为感染呼吸道合胞病毒。结论：小儿急性下呼吸道感染通过病毒学、细菌学及细菌药敏试验等方面的检测，为下呼吸道感染临床诊断治疗提供重要的参考，从而促进患儿及早康复。
【关键词】 小儿； 急性下呼吸道感染； 病原学； 病毒学； 细菌学
Etiological Detection and Analysis of 83 Children with Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection/SUN Tingfang，ZHAO Huanyu.//Medical Innovation of China，2018，15(12)：034-037
, http://www.100md.com
【Abstract】 Objective：To analyze the etiological detection results of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children and to provide important reference for its clinical treatment.Method：A total of 83 children with acute lower respiratory tract infection admitted to our hospital from March 2015 to December 2017 were selected as the subjects.Respiratory secretions were taken for etiological identification and drug sensitivity test.After that，the results were analyzed systematically.Result：The positive rate of lower respiratory tract infection was 72.58% in 3 months≤children<5 years old，which was higher than 23.81% in children over 5 years old，the difference was statistically significant(字2=15.579，P=0.000).The most common pathogen of lower respiratory tract infection was Klebsiella pneumoniae，followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli.The most commonly used drugs for children with acute lower respiratory tract infections was Cephalosporins.Virological detection showed that the most common infection virus in children under 3 years old was respiratory syncytial virus infection.Conclusion：The detection of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children through virology，bacteriology and bacterial susceptibility testing can help to provide an important reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of lower respiratory tract infection，so as to promote the early recovery of children.
, 百拇医药
【Key words】 Children； Acute lower respiratory tract infection； Etiology； Virology； Bacteriology
First-author’s address：Beijing Aiyuhua Hospital for Women and Children，Beijing 100176，China
doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2018.12.010
急性下呼吸道感染為婴幼儿期多发疾病，使小儿健康和生命安全受到严重的威胁。研究发现，5岁以下小儿住院最主要原因即为急性下呼吸道感染，加重家庭的经济负担[1]。WHO数据统计，全世界每年5岁以下因肺炎死亡的小儿达200万之数[2]，而我国在儿科门诊中一半以上小儿就诊住院是由于急性下呼吸道感染[3]。从20世纪70年代至今肺炎也是引起小儿死亡的主要原因。下呼吸道感染是最常见的感染性疾患。只有控制小儿下呼吸道感染，才能真正有效降低婴幼儿的死亡率，从而保护小儿健康安全[3]。5岁以下小儿一旦患上下呼吸道急性感染时，临床症状表现严重，而且多数需要住院接受治疗[4]。临床医生根据患儿症状和血常规检查结果，结合临床经验为患儿选择抗生素进行治疗。因致病菌地区差异和抗生素的滥用导致耐药性，也会使小儿下呼吸道感染疗效受到影响[5]。本研究选取2015年3月-2017年12月本院儿科收治的83例急性下呼吸道感染患儿为研究对象，均取呼吸道分泌物，行病原学鉴定、药敏试验，得出检测结果后进行系统分析，现报道如下。, 百拇医药(孙霆芳 赵环宇)
【关键词】 小儿； 急性下呼吸道感染； 病原学； 病毒学； 细菌学
Etiological Detection and Analysis of 83 Children with Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection/SUN Tingfang，ZHAO Huanyu.//Medical Innovation of China，2018，15(12)：034-037
, http://www.100md.com
【Abstract】 Objective：To analyze the etiological detection results of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children and to provide important reference for its clinical treatment.Method：A total of 83 children with acute lower respiratory tract infection admitted to our hospital from March 2015 to December 2017 were selected as the subjects.Respiratory secretions were taken for etiological identification and drug sensitivity test.After that，the results were analyzed systematically.Result：The positive rate of lower respiratory tract infection was 72.58% in 3 months≤children<5 years old，which was higher than 23.81% in children over 5 years old，the difference was statistically significant(字2=15.579，P=0.000).The most common pathogen of lower respiratory tract infection was Klebsiella pneumoniae，followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli.The most commonly used drugs for children with acute lower respiratory tract infections was Cephalosporins.Virological detection showed that the most common infection virus in children under 3 years old was respiratory syncytial virus infection.Conclusion：The detection of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children through virology，bacteriology and bacterial susceptibility testing can help to provide an important reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of lower respiratory tract infection，so as to promote the early recovery of children.
, 百拇医药
【Key words】 Children； Acute lower respiratory tract infection； Etiology； Virology； Bacteriology
First-author’s address：Beijing Aiyuhua Hospital for Women and Children，Beijing 100176，China
doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2018.12.010
急性下呼吸道感染為婴幼儿期多发疾病，使小儿健康和生命安全受到严重的威胁。研究发现，5岁以下小儿住院最主要原因即为急性下呼吸道感染，加重家庭的经济负担[1]。WHO数据统计，全世界每年5岁以下因肺炎死亡的小儿达200万之数[2]，而我国在儿科门诊中一半以上小儿就诊住院是由于急性下呼吸道感染[3]。从20世纪70年代至今肺炎也是引起小儿死亡的主要原因。下呼吸道感染是最常见的感染性疾患。只有控制小儿下呼吸道感染，才能真正有效降低婴幼儿的死亡率，从而保护小儿健康安全[3]。5岁以下小儿一旦患上下呼吸道急性感染时，临床症状表现严重，而且多数需要住院接受治疗[4]。临床医生根据患儿症状和血常规检查结果，结合临床经验为患儿选择抗生素进行治疗。因致病菌地区差异和抗生素的滥用导致耐药性，也会使小儿下呼吸道感染疗效受到影响[5]。本研究选取2015年3月-2017年12月本院儿科收治的83例急性下呼吸道感染患儿为研究对象，均取呼吸道分泌物，行病原学鉴定、药敏试验，得出检测结果后进行系统分析，现报道如下。, 百拇医药(孙霆芳 赵环宇)