接种流感疫苗对小儿流行性感冒防控作用的分析(1)
【摘要】 目的：研究接种流感疫苗对小儿流行性感冒的防控作用。方法：选择100例适龄儿童作为本次研究对象，并采用计算机随机法将其分为观察组和对照组，每组50例。观察组实施接种疫苗，对照组未实施接种疫苗，比较两组流感发生率和流感发生次数。结果：观察组1年内流感发生率为4.00%，低于对照组的26.00%，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组1年内流感发生次数显著少于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组接种疫苗后，全身反应总发生6例，其中4例发热，占比8.00%，2例头痛，占比4.00%;局部反应总发生2例，其中1例疼痛，1例瘙痒，占比均为2.00%。上述不良反应症状较轻，无须采取处理，3 d内能够完全消失或自行缓解。结论：接种疫苗对小儿流行性感冒具有显著防控作用，能够降低流行性感冒发生概率，值得研究。
【关键词】 接种疫苗; 小儿流行性感冒; 防控
doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.23.072 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805(2019)23-0-03
【Abstract】 Objective：To study the prevention and control effect of influenza vaccine on childhood influenza.Method：A total of 100 school-age children were selected as research objects，and were divided into observation group and control group by computer random method，with 50 cases in each group.The observation group was vaccinated，while the control group was not vaccinated.The incidence of influenza and the number of influenza cases were compared between the two groups.Result：The incidence of influenza in the observation group was 4.00% within one year，which was lower than 26.00% in the control group，the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total number of times of influenza in the observation group within one year was significantly less than that in the control group，the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After vaccination，there were 6 cases of systemic reaction in the observation group，including 4 cases of fever，accounting for 8.00%，2 cases of headache，accounting for 4.00%，and 2 cases of local reaction，including 1 case of pain and 1 case of pruritus，accounting for 2.00%.The aforesaid adverse reactions were mild and do not require treatment.They can completely disappear or alleviate spontaneously within 3 days.Conclusion：Vaccination has a significant prevention and control effect on childhood influenza，and can reduce the probability of influenza，which is worth studying.
【Key words】 Vaccination; Childhood influenza; Prevention and control
First-author’s address：Wuhan Hongshan District Hongshan Street Community Health Service Center，Wuhan 430000，China
在臨床常见急性呼吸道感染性疾病中，流行性感冒十分常见，其主要是由于流感病毒所致，具有较强的传染性，以儿童、慢性疾病患者、老年人作为高发人群[1]。流行性感冒病原体主要是甲乙丙三种流行性感冒病毒，空气传播作为主要传染途径。研究显示，流行性感染主要以肌肉酸痛、高热和全身乏力等作为临床表现，儿童一旦患有流行性感冒，易导致其遗留肺部疾病等严重后遗症，严重影响小儿身体健康[2-3]。本研究对所有适龄儿童实施分析，并对其各项情况进行分析，具体内容如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
将2017年6月-2018年1月笔者所在医院收治的100例适龄儿童作为研究对象，纳入标准：近年来未接受其他类型的流感疫苗。排除标准：(1)伴有疫苗成分过敏或格林巴利综合征。(2)属于严重过敏体质。(3)存在先天性疾病。(4)处于急性疾病发作期或感冒时期。以计算机随机分组方式将其分为观察组50例、对照组50例。观察组男33例，女17例;年龄7个月～4岁，平均(2.33±0.23)岁。对照组男34例，女16例;年龄8个月～4岁，平均(2.76±0.47)岁。两组性别、年龄等一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，有可比性。小儿家属或监护人同意参与研究，均为自愿。本研究经医院医学伦理委员会批准。, 百拇医药(陆继红)
【关键词】 接种疫苗; 小儿流行性感冒; 防控
doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.23.072 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805(2019)23-0-03
【Abstract】 Objective：To study the prevention and control effect of influenza vaccine on childhood influenza.Method：A total of 100 school-age children were selected as research objects，and were divided into observation group and control group by computer random method，with 50 cases in each group.The observation group was vaccinated，while the control group was not vaccinated.The incidence of influenza and the number of influenza cases were compared between the two groups.Result：The incidence of influenza in the observation group was 4.00% within one year，which was lower than 26.00% in the control group，the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total number of times of influenza in the observation group within one year was significantly less than that in the control group，the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After vaccination，there were 6 cases of systemic reaction in the observation group，including 4 cases of fever，accounting for 8.00%，2 cases of headache，accounting for 4.00%，and 2 cases of local reaction，including 1 case of pain and 1 case of pruritus，accounting for 2.00%.The aforesaid adverse reactions were mild and do not require treatment.They can completely disappear or alleviate spontaneously within 3 days.Conclusion：Vaccination has a significant prevention and control effect on childhood influenza，and can reduce the probability of influenza，which is worth studying.
【Key words】 Vaccination; Childhood influenza; Prevention and control
First-author’s address：Wuhan Hongshan District Hongshan Street Community Health Service Center，Wuhan 430000，China
在臨床常见急性呼吸道感染性疾病中，流行性感冒十分常见，其主要是由于流感病毒所致，具有较强的传染性，以儿童、慢性疾病患者、老年人作为高发人群[1]。流行性感冒病原体主要是甲乙丙三种流行性感冒病毒，空气传播作为主要传染途径。研究显示，流行性感染主要以肌肉酸痛、高热和全身乏力等作为临床表现，儿童一旦患有流行性感冒，易导致其遗留肺部疾病等严重后遗症，严重影响小儿身体健康[2-3]。本研究对所有适龄儿童实施分析，并对其各项情况进行分析，具体内容如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
将2017年6月-2018年1月笔者所在医院收治的100例适龄儿童作为研究对象，纳入标准：近年来未接受其他类型的流感疫苗。排除标准：(1)伴有疫苗成分过敏或格林巴利综合征。(2)属于严重过敏体质。(3)存在先天性疾病。(4)处于急性疾病发作期或感冒时期。以计算机随机分组方式将其分为观察组50例、对照组50例。观察组男33例，女17例;年龄7个月～4岁，平均(2.33±0.23)岁。对照组男34例，女16例;年龄8个月～4岁，平均(2.76±0.47)岁。两组性别、年龄等一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，有可比性。小儿家属或监护人同意参与研究，均为自愿。本研究经医院医学伦理委员会批准。, 百拇医药(陆继红)