呼吸衰竭与ARDS .ppt
http://www.100md.com
参见附件(13668KB)。
呼吸衰竭(Respiratory failure) 与
急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)
广东省人民医院
呼吸内科
陈正贤
Introduction
? Be a frequently encountered medical problem
? A major cause of death in China
? Mortality from COPD, which ends in death from respiratory failure, continues to increase
? More than 70% of patients with pneumonia are attributed to respiratory failure
Introduction
? About 1/3 patients in ICU in the United States, about 500 000 persons, receive mechanical ventilation each year
? Short-term survival is more than 80% for acute respiratory failure not preceded by additional lung disease or systemic illness
Introduction
? Multisystem organ failure or pre-existing renal、liver、or chronic gastrointestinal disease with malnutrition substantially worsens outlook
? About 17% of patients placed on mechanical ventilation require assistance for more than 14 days
? Among those requiring this amount of mechanical ventilation, elderly patients have a 9% survival and younger patients a 36% survival
Definition
? Be a clinical syndrome of respiratory and metabolism dysfunction caused by any condition that severely affects the lung's ability to maintain arterial oxygenation or carbon dioxide elimination
? Both acute or chronic respiratory failure may be divided into two main categories
- A failure of gas exchange - hypoxemia
- A failure of ventilation - hypercapnia
Diagnostic criteria
? Blood gas analysis
- PaO2 < 60 mmHg, or plus
- PaCO2 > 50 mmHg
? Inhale air at sea level to get blood sample
? Exclude intracardiac shunt, such as ventricular septal defect, and primary cardiac output desease
Classification
? According to pathophysiology and blood gas analysis
- Type I: A failure of gas exchange
? Hypoxemia, PaO2 < 60 mmHg
- Type II: A failure of ventilation
? PaO2 < 60 mmHg, PaCO2 > 50 mmHg
- PaO2 > 60 mmHg, PaCO2 >50 mmHg ......
呼吸衰竭(Respiratory failure) 与
急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)
广东省人民医院
呼吸内科
陈正贤
Introduction
? Be a frequently encountered medical problem
? A major cause of death in China
? Mortality from COPD, which ends in death from respiratory failure, continues to increase
? More than 70% of patients with pneumonia are attributed to respiratory failure
Introduction
? About 1/3 patients in ICU in the United States, about 500 000 persons, receive mechanical ventilation each year
? Short-term survival is more than 80% for acute respiratory failure not preceded by additional lung disease or systemic illness
Introduction
? Multisystem organ failure or pre-existing renal、liver、or chronic gastrointestinal disease with malnutrition substantially worsens outlook
? About 17% of patients placed on mechanical ventilation require assistance for more than 14 days
? Among those requiring this amount of mechanical ventilation, elderly patients have a 9% survival and younger patients a 36% survival
Definition
? Be a clinical syndrome of respiratory and metabolism dysfunction caused by any condition that severely affects the lung's ability to maintain arterial oxygenation or carbon dioxide elimination
? Both acute or chronic respiratory failure may be divided into two main categories
- A failure of gas exchange - hypoxemia
- A failure of ventilation - hypercapnia
Diagnostic criteria
? Blood gas analysis
- PaO2 < 60 mmHg, or plus
- PaCO2 > 50 mmHg
? Inhale air at sea level to get blood sample
? Exclude intracardiac shunt, such as ventricular septal defect, and primary cardiac output desease
Classification
? According to pathophysiology and blood gas analysis
- Type I: A failure of gas exchange
? Hypoxemia, PaO2 < 60 mmHg
- Type II: A failure of ventilation
? PaO2 < 60 mmHg, PaCO2 > 50 mmHg
- PaO2 > 60 mmHg, PaCO2 >50 mmHg ......
附件资料
您现在查看是摘要介绍页，详见PPT附件(13668KB)。